Question

In: Statistics and Probability

A new cold medication was tested by giving 125 people the drug and 100 people a...

A new cold medication was tested by giving 125 people the drug and 100 people a placebo. A control group consisted of 115 people who were given no treatment. The number of people in each group who showed improvement is shown in the table below.

Cold Drug Placebo Control Total
Improvement 72 55 38 165
No Improvement 53 45 77 175
Total 125 100 115 340

a) What is the probability that a randomly selected person in the study either was given the placebo or was in the control group?

b) What is the probability that a randomly selected person either was given the drug or improved?

c) What is the probability that a randomly selected person was given the drug and improved?

d) What is the probability that a randomly selected person who improved was given the drug?

e) What is the probability that a randomly selected person who was given the drug improved?

f) Based on these data, does the drug appear to be effective?

Solutions

Expert Solution

a) What is the probability that a randomly selected person in the study either was given the placebo or was in the control group?

Answer : Pr(Was given the placebo or was in the control group) = (Total in placabo and total in control group)/Total population = (100 + 115)/340 = 0.6324

(b) probability that a randomly selected person either was given the drug or improved

= (Total given the drugs + total improved - total drugs and improved)/Total populatiion = (125 + 165 - 72)/340 = 0.6412

(c) probability that a randomly selected person was given the drug and improved

= Total given drug and improved/ Total population = 72/340 = 0.2118

(d) probability that a randomly selected person who improved was given the drug

= Total people who was improved and given the drug/Total who was improved = 72/165 = 0.4364

(e) probability that a randomly selected person who was given the drug improved

= Total people who improved given the drg/Total who was given the drug = 72/125 = 0.576

(f) Yes, as the data, seems the drug appear to be effective.

orchestra answered 2 years ago
Next > < Previous

Related Solutions

Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication...
two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication A is more effective than a standard medication B an under takes a comparison to determine if medication a produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 40 minute time window. In a random sample of 40 adults given medication A, 34 hours symptom-free after 40 minutes. In a random sample of 34 adults given medication B, 28 were symptom-free after...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication...
Two types of medication for hives are being tested. The manufacturer claims that the new medication B is more effective than the standard medication A and undertakes a comparison to determine if medication B produces relief for a higher proportion of adult patients within a 30-minute time window. 20 out of a random sample of 200 adults given medication A still had hives 30 minutes after taking the medication. 12 out of another random sample of 200 adults given medication...
A drug company is beginning a new drug trial for a medication that is used to...
A drug company is beginning a new drug trial for a medication that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Jonna is a 22-year-old female who has had RA for 2 years and does not feel that she has full relief of pain from the medications she has taken. She states she has fallen on hard times since she became ill and the money for the study will also be beneficial. She wants to participate in the study. Discuss the...
A drug company is beginning a new drug trial for a medication that is used to...
A drug company is beginning a new drug trial for a medication that is used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Jonna is a 22-year-old female who has had RA for 2 years and does not feel that she has full relief of pain from the medications she has taken. She states she has fallen on hard times since she became ill and the money for the study will also be beneficial. She wants to participate in the study. 1.Describe how...
100 people are tested for disease. 30 people have the disease and 70 do not. There...
100 people are tested for disease. 30 people have the disease and 70 do not. There were 20 true positives and 37 true negatives. Part 1: What was the sensitivity of the test? Be sure to give context. Part 2: What was the specificity of the test? Be sure to give context. Part 3: What was the positive predictive value of the test? Be sure to give context. Part 4: What was the accuracy of the test? Be sure to...
A researcher investigates whether or not a new cold medication disrupts mental alertness. It is known...
A researcher investigates whether or not a new cold medication disrupts mental alertness. It is known that scores on a standardized test containing a variety of problem-solving tasks are normally distributed with µ = 64 and σ = 8. A random sample of n = 16 subjects are given the drug and then tested. For this sample, the mean is M = 58. a. Are the data sufficient to conclude that the medication affects performance? Test with α = .01,...
ADVERTISEMENT
Subjects
ADVERTISEMENT
Latest Questions
ADVERTISEMENT