Question

Compare and contrast the James–Lange and Cannon–Bard theories of emotion, and explain how Schachter reconciled these conflicting views in his two‐factor theory.

Answer 1

As we know there are three theories of emotions The theory given by James- Lang states that our emotions are the result of the arousal . For example if we see a speeding car coming towards us our heart starts beating and the emotions of fear are induced in the mind and the body .They both are not independent .It also says that the different patterns which are associated with arousal creare different types of emotions . On the other hand the hour which is proposed by Cannon- bard says that emotions and arousal are not independent of each other and they occur at the same time . The emotion is accompanied by the arousal which is biophysical in nature ,IN the above car example we can say I was afraid and my heart started beating heavily . Both the emotions and arousal occured at the same time . In very simple words when we become aware of a dangerous situation our heartbeat also increases .

                                                                   Now coming to the Schacher two factor theory , he resolved the conflict by providing a different explanation . According to this theory the emotions are a result of cognition and arousal .They both lead to emotions . It also says that the arousal that is experienced by the individuals is the same for every kind or we can say type of emotion. But it is differentiated by the cognitive appraisal factor which is different for every emotion. emotions are the result of both arousal and cognitive appraisal .