Question

What is the identity of your unknown organism

Answer 1

Question: What is the identity of your unknown organism?

Answer: Organisms can be identified by three methods like

· Morphologically

· Biochemically

· Molecularly

Morphologically:

Based on external characters classified the organism, these techniques utilized in ancient period by most of the scientist. By this technology R. H. Whittaker divide all Living organisms into six class these called six kingdoms:       

1. Monera: Single-cell prokaryotes

2. Protista: Single-cell eukaryotes

3. Fungi: Multicellular eukaryotes have a chitin cell wall

4. Plantae: Multicellular organism having chloroplast and cellulose cell wall

5. Animalia: Multicellular organisms without a cell wall

Between them, plant and animal identified easily because plants have chlorophyll and presence of chlorophyll photosynthesis can occur therefore plants called autotrophs but animal have not chlorophyll hence, they are heterotrophic.

Biochemically:

Based on chemical composition present in any organism, classifies each other.

Biochemically many methods are present but for identification of a micro-organism like bacteria by the Gram staining method is common.

Gram staining: By this method identified Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Gram staining revealing the bacteria’s cell wall by two types of stains: violet and pink. A bacterium with thicker cell walls, absorb the violet stain known as gram-positive bacteria but other bacteria have a lipid cell wall, and not absorb violet stain whenever absorb pink stain hence called gram-negative bacteria.

Molecularly:

In present time molecular techniques are available these are authentic for characterization, identification to any organisms.

Molecular technics are based on genetic material. Two types of genetic material present in all organism like RNA and DNA.

Some organism uses RNA as genetic material and others utilize DNA as genetic material. Mostly, organism transfer genetic information from one generation to offspring by DNA and only a few micro-organisms transfer their genetic information by RNA.

RNA and DNA based molecular techniques:

· 16s RNA is a new technique that classified any organism based on RNA sequence and

· RFLP, RAPD, AFLP, ISSR, Microsatellites etc. are DNA based techniques for classification.

Conclusion:

In current time we can use any techniques for identification of an organism but the molecular techniques are accurate, authentic and more proper with the results.