Question

In: Chemistry

Biochemistry Compare and contrast reversible and irreversible inhibitors. What do they do, and what is their...

Biochemistry

Compare and contrast reversible and irreversible inhibitors. What do they do, and what is their chemica makeup that allos them to do what they do? use an example

Solutions

Expert Solution

Irreversible Inhibition Process

An irreversible inhibitor is the one, which inactivates an enzyme by bonding covalently to a group at the active site. The inhibitor-enzyme bond is very strong such that the inhibition cannot be changed back to original by the addition of excess substrate.

Example - The nerve gases like DIFP irreversibly inhibit biological systems. It forms an enzyme-inhibitor complex with a specific hydroxyl group of serine present at the active sites of enzymes.

The peptidases chymotrypsin and trypsin contain serine groups wich are situated at the active site and are inhibited by DIFP.

Reversible Inhibition Process

A reversible inhibitoris the one which inactivates an enzyme through noncovalent which can be easily reversed.

It is not like an irreversible inhibitor.

The reversible inhibitor dissociates from the enzyme.

Reversible inhibitors are of two types-

Competitive inhibitors and noncompetitive inhibitors.

A competitive inhibitor is the one which bears a structural resemblance to a particular substrate.

It competes with that substrate for binding at the active site.

The enzyme does not act on the inhibitor but does prevent the substrate from approaching the active site.


Related Solutions

Identify each reaction as reversible or irreversible. Detonation of TNT ["irreversible", "reversible"]       If you...
Identify each reaction as reversible or irreversible. Detonation of TNT ["irreversible", "reversible"]       If you have a gas in a container connected to an evacuated container, and you open the stop-cock between them, the gas will expand without doing any work. ["reversible", "irreversible"]       Electrolysis ["irreversible", "reversible"]       Diffusion ["irreversible", "reversible"]         
What is the difference between a reversible and an irreversible inhibitor? What is the mode of...
What is the difference between a reversible and an irreversible inhibitor? What is the mode of action for the two most common reversible inhibitors, competitive and noncompetitive? When examined using a Lineweaver-Burk plot, how do each of these inhibitors change the plots? What information can be gained by examination of the intersection of these plots with the X and Y intercepts?
what is a reversible versus irreversible path and why is a reversible path useful while being...
what is a reversible versus irreversible path and why is a reversible path useful while being physically impossible. what makes a reversible path impossible?
Compare and contrast the different types of inhibitors, with examples, including: transition state inhibitors, suicide inhibitors,...
Compare and contrast the different types of inhibitors, with examples, including: transition state inhibitors, suicide inhibitors, irreversible inhibitors, competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors
How do enzymes increase rates of biochemical reactions? What are the three classes of reversible inhibitors?...
How do enzymes increase rates of biochemical reactions? What are the three classes of reversible inhibitors? Briefly describe them and their effects on apparent Km and Vmax.
What do tyrosinase inhibitors do? What is the importance of tyrosinase and tyrosinase inhibitors in the...
What do tyrosinase inhibitors do? What is the importance of tyrosinase and tyrosinase inhibitors in the food industry?
DIPF and Sarin and "organophosphate" insecticides are all irreversible inhibitors of enzymes with a "special" --...
DIPF and Sarin and "organophosphate" insecticides are all irreversible inhibitors of enzymes with a "special" -- highly reactive -- active-site Ser residue. Which of the following is true about DIPF (or Sarin or organophosphate insecticides)? A.) DIPF forms a covalent phosphoester bond to the side chain of a Ser residue in enzymes that DIPF inhibits. B.) DIPF (or Sarin or organophosphate insecticides) cannot kill humans (or any vertebrate). C.) DIPF inhibition is reversible. Hence, an EI complex is analogous to...
Process X is internally reversible from state 1 to 2. Process Y is internally irreversible between...
Process X is internally reversible from state 1 to 2. Process Y is internally irreversible between same states 1 to 2. What can you say about the change in entropy of the system during process X and Y? Is one larger than the other or are they the same? Explain.
Distinguishing between an electrochemically reversible and irreversible electrode reaction can be done using cyclic voltammetry. Describe...
Distinguishing between an electrochemically reversible and irreversible electrode reaction can be done using cyclic voltammetry. Describe clearly and in detail how you can convert a fully reversible O/R electrochemical reaction into a irreversible or quasireversible reaction by varying parameters used in the CV experiment. Explain the reasoning behind your answer, and show using graphs how you would confirm that you have converted the reversible reaction into an irreversible one.
Distinguishing between an electrochemically reversible and irreversible electrode reaction can be done using cyclic voltammetry. Describe...
Distinguishing between an electrochemically reversible and irreversible electrode reaction can be done using cyclic voltammetry. Describe how you can use cyclic voltammetry to obtain the diffusion coefficient Do of reactant O. Describe what CV experiments are required and specifically how the data would be analyzed.
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT