Question

1. What are the differences between bacterial and viral pathogenesis?

2. What kind of viruses could possibly be eradicated by vaccination?

Answer 1

viruses are known living infectious particles. They require host cell to survive as they are not alive on their own. Bacteria are much larger comparatively and are living single cells. Some bacteria are good for us and we need them to survive. Viruses are smaller and are not cells. They need a host such as human or animal to multiply. Viruses cause infections by entering and multiplying inside the host healthy cells.

Virus has entered into the body through digestive, Airways or reproductive pathways and also through the skin cuts. Both viruses and bacteria infect a specific tissue . This is why you have specific symptoms for each infection. the virus enters into the cell or directly inject the genetic material into the host cell. The virus replicates in the host cell and increase its number.

The bacteria may take up of nutrients from the host tissue, secrete toxins that kills the host cells or replicate inside the host cells, killing them as the bacteria Breakout. however bacteria replicates on their own unlike viruses that need the host cell to make more of them .

Example of bacterial infection include whooping cough ,strep throat, ear infection and urinary tract infection.

Viral infection include common cold ,flu , cough, bronchitis, chickenpox ,Hiv / Aids .

Bacterial infections are treated by antibiotics.

Viral infection treatment include managing symptoms such as honey for cough and warm fluids diet chicken soup for oral hydration. Paracetamol to relieve fever. Stopping viral reproduction using antiviral medicine such as for HIV AIDS.

Smallpox, polio, measles are completely eradicated from the world. A cross cutting theme among the viral disease program is that interrupting the Last vestiges of transmission is particularly problematic and requires allocation of resources including support for focused last kilometre research activities .