A 35 year-old man with a clinical history of rheumatic fever has recently developed a heart...

A 35 year-old man with a clinical history of rheumatic fever has recently developed a heart murmur.

This is most likely cause by?

Presence of rheumatoid factor
Molecular mimicry of the streptococcal antigen and cardiac myosin
Common variable immune deficiency
A birth defect

Expert Solution

Answer is :-

Molecular mimicry of streptococcal antigen and cardiac myosin.

Rheumatic fever

It is an inflammatory disorder caused by a Group A strep throat infection it affects the connective tissue of the body causing temporary painful arthritis and other symptoms.

In some cases rheumatic fever causes long-term damage to the heart and it's valves. This is called rheumatic heart disease.

Causes of rheumatic fever :-

Rheumatic fever occurs as a result of rare strain of strep throat that isn't treated with antibiotics . This rare strain of strep triggers the inflammatory disorder, may be because the antibodies mistakenly also attack healthy cells such as the heart muscle and valve cells as well as joints brain and skin tissue, causing a reaction that results in inflammation.

Carditis

Inflammation of the heart muscle and tissue is the most serious result of rheumatic fever. In severe carditis the inflammation leads to scarring and permanent damage to the heart and particularly to the heart valve.

The Mitral valve which controls the flow of blood between the upper left chamber and the lower left Chamber of the heart is most often damaged.

The Aortic valves which sends the blood from the left lower chamber out to the body is the next most commonly affected heart valve. leakage of the heart wall is the most common finding.Blockage of the mitral valve can occur due to scarring. if either valve starts to leak severely, a surgery to repair or replace it may be necessary.(mostly after childhood )

Heart Murmur.

The heart murmur in a patient with rheumatic fever is due to the the increased blood flow across the thickened mitral valve.

gladiator answered 2 years ago

Brenda, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to...

Brenda, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to her physician with complaints of increasing shortness of breath ("dyspnea") upon exertion. She also noted that the typical swelling she's had in her ankles for years has started to get worse over the past two months, making it especially difficult to get her shoes on toward the end of the day. In the past week, she's had a decreased appetite, some nausea and vomiting,...

Emma, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to...

Emma, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to her physician with complaints of increasing shortness of breath ("dyspnea") upon exertion. She also noted that the typical swelling she's had in her ankles for years has started to get worse over the past two months, making it especially difficult to get her shoes on toward the end of the day. In the past week, she's had a decreased appetite, some nausea and vomiting,...

Samantha, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to...

Samantha, a 74-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever while in her twenties, presented to her physician with complaints of increasing shortness of breath ("dyspnea") upon exertion. She also noted that the typical swelling she's had in her ankles for years has started to get worse over the past two months, making it especially difficult to get her shoes on toward the end of the day. In the past week, she's had a decreased appetite, some nausea and vomiting,...

what is the clinical description of Rheumatic fever condition?

Grace Markham is a 63-year-old widow who lives alone. She has a history of rheumatic heart...

Grace Markham is a 63-year-old widow who lives alone. She has a history of rheumatic heart disease manifested by moderate mitral valve stenosis with slight mitral insufficiency. She has been maintained on digoxin, 0.25 mg PO daily, for several years, with few adverse effects. Compliance with therapy has generally been excellent. She understands the drug therapy and her 3-g sodium diet. She was admitted to the hospital complaining of dyspnea on exertion, ankle edema, mild chest pain on exertion, and...

1-Discuss rheumatic fever and how it can lead to rheumatic heart disease. 2-Discuss the idea that...

1-Discuss rheumatic fever and how it can lead to rheumatic heart disease. 2-Discuss the idea that it is not the initial beta hemolytic streptococcus infection that causes the condition but an altered immune response. 3-List the signs and symptoms (and relate it to the location of the immune complexes, i.e. myocardium, endocardium, pericardium) and the treatment. 3-Discuss the use of prophylactic antibiotics in patients who are prone to strep throat or who have experienced rheumatic fever.

A 49 year old man with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and...

A 49 year old man with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his nitroglycerin if he? A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing, patients history reveals an acute myocardial infarction 8 months ago, vital signs are 144/86, 110, and 24, auscultation reveals crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect? A patient complains of substernal chest pain with radiating pain to his back and jaw,...

2. A 48-year-old known hypertensive man is brought to the hospital with 3day history of fever...

2. A 48-year-old known hypertensive man is brought to the hospital with 3day history of fever and a productive cough. There is positive history of headache and is increasingly confused. Drug history include hydrochlorothiazide and lisinopril for hypertension. Patient is allergic to amoxicillin. On examination, the temperature was 38.7°C [101.7°F]), blood pressure 90/54 mmHg, respiratory rate 36/min, and pulse 110/min. there was no signs of meningeal irritation but oriented only to person. A chest x-ray shows a left lower lung...

Greg Wilson, a 65-year-old man, is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of congestive heart...

Greg Wilson, a 65-year-old man, is diagnosed with pneumonia. He has a history of congestive heart failure. His physician has ordered an antibiotic for the pneumonia and he takes digoxin every day. As the health care provider, which question would you ask first before administering his antibiotic? Why is the first dose of the antibiotic twice as much as the maintenance dose? Which variables may slow his metabolism and excretion?

Fabry Disease A 35-year-old man has a history of chronic burning pain in his hands and...

Fabry Disease A 35-year-old man has a history of chronic burning pain in his hands and feet since early childhood. His family history is significant for two maternal uncles who died in their 40’s of renal failure. His mother had a stroke in her 50’s, but is still living. He has just learned that he has Fabry disease and is at very high risk for renal failure, early onset heart disease and stroke. He remembers being told about a enzyme...

Question