Question

chemistry terminology

1. Digestion

2. Sonnication

3. soxhlet extraction

4. Distribution coefficient

5. Theoretical plate

6. Band vs. peak

7. surrogate.

8. flow rate

9. Makeup gas

10. Ramp rate

11. Split Ratio

Answer 1

Ans:

1. Digestion: The process of decomposing complex organic substanecessary into simpler substances, as by the action of enzymes or bacteria.

Or

The process of softening or disintegrating by means of chemical action, heat, or moisture.

2. Sonnication: In Sonnication, ultrasound waves are used to vibrate a liquid and that it may be used to degas ( to remove soluble gases from the liquid) a given liquid sample.

3.Soxhlet extraction : Soxhlet extractor is a kind of laboratory equipment used for solid-liquid extractions.

In this discontinuous extraction process, the extracation solvent inside the boiling flask is evaporated and re-condensed in the distillation column above. It then falls down the solid material requiring extraction. The chamber of solid material and the boiling flasks are connected by the syphoning mechanism.

4: Distribution coefficient : It is the equilibrium constant for the distribution of an analytical in two immiscibless solvents.

It is often confused with partition coefficient or distribute on coefficient.

5. Theoretical plate: A theoretical plate in many separation processes is a hypothetical zone or stage stage in which two phases, such as the liquid and vapour phases of a substance, establish an equilibrium with each other. Such equilibrium stages may also be referred to as an equilibrium stage, ideal stage or a theoretical tray.

6.Band vs Peak: There are two types of bands adsorption band and Transmittance band. Band gives us the range of radiation which may be absorbed or transmitted.

The peak in a graph gives the specific value of absorption or transmitancestors of radiation.

7. Surrogate: A surrogate is a substance used in industrial chemistry instead of some other of more or less similar properties and usually of greater value.