Question

discuss the causes, development , and course of chronic lung disease and other conditions that arise from the advances in ventilation support of newborn

discuss the development of a chronic lung disease and other conditions that arise from the advances in ventilation support of the newborn .

Answer 1

Chronic lung disease is a type of disorder that affects the lungs and other parts of the respiratory system.

It mainly develop slowly. It is a general term for long-term breathing problems in premature babies. This condition happens when a breathing machine or oxygen injures in premature baby's lungs.

Cause

Chronic lung disease may be caused by smoking tobacco or by breathing in secondhand tobacco smoke, chemical fumes, dust, or other forms of air pollution.

Types

Types of chronic lung disease include :-

Asthma

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Pulmonary fibrosis

Asbestosis

Pneumonitis and other lung conditions.

These types of lung diseases may affect your airways, lung tissues, or circulation of blood in and out of your lungs.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a lung condition that can develop in infants who need help breathing in the early days of their life. In some cases, it can cause long-term breathing problems. Babies born prematurely are more likely to get this condition, sometimes called chronic lung disease.

Cause

Most BPD cases affect premature infants usually those who are born more than 10 weeks early and weigh less than 4.5 pounds . These babies are more likely to develop RDS, also called hyaline membrane disease , which is a result of tissue damage to the lungs from being on a mechanical ventilator for a long time.

For a survival of babies the amount of oxygen given must be higher than the oxygen concentration in the air they commonly breathe. This mechanical ventilation is essential to their survival. But over time, the pressure from the ventilation and excess oxygen intake can injure a newborn's delicate lungs, leading to RDS.This RDS cause the BPD in infants.