Question

Discuss how our body responds to SARS-Cov-2 infection

Answer 1

Body Responses to SARS-CoV-2

- SARS CoV-2 is caused by a positive-sense RNA virus that has got spikes all around its body and affects mainly the upper and lower respiratory tract.

- 80% of the infected individuals only shows very mild or even 'no' symptoms.

- the symptoms showed them like fever, fatigue and dry cough, and even sometimes severe pneumonia.

- The infected individuals would be observed with high levels of cytokines like IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IP-10, MCP-1, TNF-.

- This increased cytokine level causes acute respiratory distress syndrome, organ failure, or sometimes can lead to a patient's death.

- mostly in the patients, an uncontrolled immune response condition is observed.

- this uncontrolled condition occurred because of the hyperactivation of macrophages and monocytes.

- Thus in turn increases the neutrophil concentration, reactive protein C, and interleukin-6 and decrease T and B lymphocytes concentration.

- The activation of Th17 by the T helper cells causes inflammatory reactions.

- Activation of B lymphocytes causes the formation of antibodies against the virus in order to neutralize them.

- the immunoglobulin (IgG and IgM) levels will be higher in the infected individuals.

- with about 3-6 days of infection, the increased IgM concentration is observed and within 8 days the IgG levels also increase.

- some specialized T cells, B cell, and even NK cell number will be higher.