Question

A professor has recently taught two sections of the same course with only one difference between the sections. In one section, he used only examples taken from sports applications, and in the other section, he used examples taken from a variety of application areas. The sports themed section was advertised as such; so students knew which type of section they were enrolling in. The professor has asked you to compare student performance in the two sections using course grades and total points earned in the course. You will need to import the Scores.csv dataset that has been provided for you:

Count	Score	Section
10	200	Sports
10	205	Sports
20	235	Sports
10	240	Sports
10	250	Sports
10	265	Regular
10	275	Regular
30	285	Sports
10	295	Regular
10	300	Regular
20	300	Sports
10	305	Sports
10	305	Regular
10	310	Regular
10	310	Sports
20	320	Regular
10	305	Regular
10	315	Sports
20	320	Regular
10	325	Regular
10	325	Sports
20	330	Regular
10	330	Sports
30	335	Sports
10	335	Regular
20	340	Regular
10	340	Sports
30	350	Regular
20	360	Regular
10	360	Sports
20	365	Regular
20	365	Sports
10	370	Sports
10	370	Regular
20	375	Regular
10	375	Sports
20	380	Regular
10	395	Sports

Use the appropriate R functions to answer the following questions:

1. What are the observational units in this study?

2. Identify the variables mentioned in the narrative paragraph and determine which are categorical and quantitative?

3. Create one variable to hold a subset of your data set that contains only the Regular Section and one variable for the Sports Section.

4. Use the Plot function to plot each Sections scores and the number of students achieving that score. Use additional Plot Arguments to label the graph and give each axis an appropriate label. Once you have produced your Plots answer the following questions:

a. Comparing and contrasting the point distributions between the two section, looking at both tendency and consistency: Can you say that one section tended to score more points than the other? Justify and explain your answer.

b. Did every student in one section score more points than every student in the other section? If not, explain what a statistical tendency means in this context.

c. What could be one additional variable that was not mentioned in the narrative that could be influencing the point distributions between the two sections?

Answer 1

1. the observational units in this study are to compare student performance in the two sections using course grades and total points earned in the course.

2. categorical variable is section: Sport or regular

quantitative variable is a score, total points earned in the course

3. Using R software, we create one variable to hold a subset of your data set that contains only the Regular Section and one variable for the Sports Section.

x=read.csv("Book.csv")      ## save the data is csv file and read in R.

SP=subset(x,Section=="Sports")
head(SP)

Count Score Section
1    10   200 Sports
2    10   205 Sports
3    20   235 Sports
4    10   240 Sports
5    10   250 Sports
8    30   285 Sports

RE=subset(x,Section=="Regular")
head(RE)

   Count Score Section
6     10   265 Regular
7     10   275 Regular
9     10   295 Regular
10    10   300 Regular
13    10   305 Regular
14    10   310 Regular

4.

Score1=SP[,2]
Score2=RE[,2]
par(mfrow=c(2,1))
plot(Score1, xlab="number of students", ylab="Score", main="Sports")
plot(Score2, xlab="number of students", ylab="Score", main="Regular")