Question

How do nerve impulses and hormones send stress messages during the alarm and resistance phase of the General Adaptation Syndrome? What are their similarities?

Answer 1

General adaption syndrome(GAS):- The bodies 3 stage response to sates of prolonged or intense stress

Alarm reaction stage:- The first stage of GAS, characterized by hightened sympathetic activity. Sensor triggers the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis. The CNS is aroused and the bodies defences are mobilised.

• Then it activates sympathetic nervous system.

Resistance stage:- The second stage of GAS, involving the bodies attempt to withstand prolonged stress and preserve resources. Involves mobilization which contributes to fight or flight response.

• Begins with the actions of adrenal hormones.

Alarm reaction:-

• Adrenal cortex, located at the top of the kidney and adrenal medulla dipicts the beginning of the alarm reaction.
• When an individual comes in contact with a stressor, the adrenal cortex with in the hypothalamus section of the brain sends a message to the adrenal medulla where glucocorticoids and the liver releases glucose.
• The adrenal medulla secrets increase of epinephrine and norepinephrine, which results in a 'fight or flight' response.

Both will contributes to flight or fight response.