Question

the peotide bond between two amino acid is a covalent bond. true or false?

in a _____ pathway, macromolecules are broken diwn into thier constituents.

the ions Na + has more ______ than _______.

__________ capitalize the teaction by lowering the ______________.

Answer 1

1. True

The peotide bond between two amino acid is a covalent bond. Proteins are compounds made of small carbon compounds called aminoacids. Several covalent bonds called peptide bonds join amino acids together to form protein. A peptide bond is formed between the amino group of one aminoacid and the carboxylic acid group of another aminoacid through sharing of electrons. The hydroxyl part of carboxylic acid joins with the hydrogen of amino group to form peptide bond releasing water.

2. In a metabolic pathway, macromolecules are broken down into their constituents.

Respiration is a metabolic pathway in which the macromolecule glucose is metabolized or broken dowh to its constituents such as carbondioxide, water and energy in form of ATP

3.The ions Na + has more concentration outside the cell than inside the cell.

The concentration of sodium ions outside the cell is more than inside the cell. So in an action potential , sodium ions influx into the cell through voltage gated channel and potassium ions from inside the cell to outside through potassium channel. Sodium-potassium pump is very important in nerve signal transmission, heart contraction, kidney function etc.

4. Enzymes catalyze the reaction by lowering the activation energy.

Enzymes catalyses a chemical reaction by binding the substrates or the reactants to enzyme's active site, which then forms an activated complex at lower energy. After the reaction, the products formed from the substrates leave the active site of the enzyme.