Question

The characteristics of two types of nephrons and two capillary beds

Answer 1

There are two types of nephrons.They are cortical nephrons and juxtamedullary nephrons.

The cortical nephrons has their glomeruli,PCT and loop of henle,DCT and collecting duct are limited to the cortex of the kidney the cortical forms about 85% of the nephrons.In the juxtamedullary nephrons the glomeruli is present at the corticomedullary junction and the loop of Henle is long which extend into the renal medulla this is responsible for counter current mechanism they make the greatest contribution to osmotic gradient of medulla this gradient enables the kidney to conserve water and secret concentrated urine.They contribute to about 15%of nephrons

The two capillary beds in nephron are

The glomerulus &

The peritubular capillaries;

In the glomerulus the capillaries run parallel and they are specialized for filteration.

It is fed by afferent arteriole and drained by efferent arteriole.

The afferent arteriole arise from the cortical radiate arteries that run through renal cortex.

Peritubular capillaries;

They arise from the efferent arteriole draining the glomeruli.The efferent arteriole serving the juxtamedullary nephrons.

Efferent arteriole form bundles of long straight vessels called vasa recta that extend deep into the medulla and they are parallel to the loop of Henle.

The glomerulus forms filterate and the peritubular capillaries recovers the filterate.