Question

What are the similarities and differences of Aristotelian, Kantian and Bentham-Mill moral theories?​

Answer 1

Aristotelian theory--

It includes the studies on the logic and its interpretation with conclusion. Further the analysis, discussion of the categories, data analysis and conclusion is made on the logic given in a specific situation. It includes the premises and conclusion. The things supposed or hypothesized are taken as the premise and the necessary results obtained are the part of conclusion. The induction and deduction views are analyzed in the posterior views. It analyzes the exact results in a situation which are different from what has been supposed or hypothesized. There are some situations in which the results are different and are not in uniformity with the initial supposition or the initial starting situation. There can be a relevance logic in the occurence of specific situations in life from which interpretations can be analyzed. Premises include the structure of the sentences with a subject and a predicate. The subject and predicate agree with each other or deny each in situations of assertion and denial respectively. The theory of syllogism includes the analysis of the inferences or results in a situation. The next theory is the theory of general approach and modalities approach.Demonstration produces knowledge.

Kantian theory

It was proposed by a German philosopher. He declared that the acts of criminal behavior like murder, theft, lying are prohibited even if they are beneficial for someone or brings deceptive happiness to someone in life. This theory is different from the theories of Mill. The theory proposes that the will or action of a person should be considered to be obeyed if everyone agrees to obey the proposition of a specific person otherwise it should not be followed. It is based on the deontological moral theory. The right or wrong behavior does not depend upon the type of action but it depends upon the consequences which emerge from such situations. Kant moral virtue theory agrees that the deeds and the acts performed by the person determines his merit and virtues in life. He explained that luck has less value in life and it is the quality of thinking and type of work performed by a person which declares the results and the consequences of events that he will face in life. He believed that good deeds will bring good results and bad deeds will bring bad results and luck has no role as the consequences and results are based on these actions which will one day strike the person and determine the future of the person.

Bentham-Mill moral theory-

He proposed the utilitarianism theory. He believed that the actions performed by a person are right if they can provide happiness to the person after performing such actions. They depend upon the logic and freedom of will in life. He believed that the will of a person is to achieve perfection in life which will lead to happiness and self-realization in life. His theory of values includes the feeling of happiness in moral deeds which gives satisfaction to a person. There is a difference in happiness in the lower form and higher form depending upon the virtues. He believed on the moral virtues and its social implications and causes as opposed to the Kanthian theory which is based on moral ethics based on self-determination.It is based on social cause and communication with its implications.