Question

In: Chemistry

Which of the following statements is false? (a) An Arrhenius base increases the concentration of OH-...

Which of the following statements is false?

(a) An Arrhenius base increases the concentration of OH- in water.

(b) A Brønsted-Lowry base is a proton acceptor.

(c) Water can act as a Brønsted–Lowry acid.

(d) Water can act as a Brønsted–Lowry base.

(e) Any compound that contains an –OH group acts as a Brønsted-Lowry base.

Solutions

Expert Solution

First, define all tyes of acid/bases

Arrhenius acid/base is the first theory on acid/base definitions, it is mostly true for general applications.

Arrhenius acid is any type of substance that will dissociate in water to form hydrogen ions [H+]. That is, an acid increases the concentration of H+ ions in an aqueous solution.

Arrhenius base is any type of substance that will form hydroxide [OH−] ions. It typically must increase pH since OH- increases in concentration.

Bronsted Lowry acid: any species that will donate H+ (protons) in solution, and makes pH lower (i.e HCl)

Bronsted Lowry base: any species that will accept H+ (protons) in solution, and makes pH higher (NH3 will accept H+ to form NH4+)

Typically, acid/bases are shown in the left (reactants)

when we write the products:

Bronsted Lowery conjugate base = the base formed when the B.L. acid donates its H+ proton ( i.e. HCl -> Cl-

Bronsted Lowery conjugate acid = the acid formed when the B.L. base accept its H+ proton ( i.e. NH4+ has accept H+ proton)

now..

A)

this is true, OH- is directly related --> NaOH --> Na+ + OH-

b)

also true, examples is NH3 + H2O = NH4+ + OH-

c)

true, it can donate H+ --> H2O = H+ + OH-

d)

also true

H2O + H+ --< H3O+

e)

FALSE not every group

example --< CH3-OH

will only donate H+ partially


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