1. Explain why the HCO3VCO2 buffering system is so effective in controlling the pH of the...

1. Explain why the HCO3VCO2 buffering system is so effective in controlling the pH of the extracellular solution. Include in your answer the role of haemoglobin in buffering of the H+ ions derived from CO2 in the blood.

Please give a detailed explanation. Add supportive equations if possible.

Expert Solution

The HCO3/CO2 buffering system helps in controlling the pH of the extracellular solution and it is an important extracellular buffer. This is because when a strong acid is added to the bicarbonate solution, it helps in converting the bicarbonate (HCO3) into carbonic acid which is H2CO3. The carbonic acid after its formation can dehydrate and it leads to the formation of water (H20) and carbon dioxide (CO2). The hemoglobin plays an important role in buffering the H+ ions which is obtained from CO2 in blood and it act as a good buffer as it has the tendency to bind to the H+ ions. The hemoglobin is able to accept the H+ as it consists of the basic amino acid histidine. When high level of CO2 is present, the hemoglobin is able to bind and accept the H+ and as it does so, it acts as buffer and helps in maintaining the homeostasis of the body and hence prevent causing huge change in pH of the body.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

The pH of blood is maintained by a buffering system, consisting predominately by hydrogen carbonate ions,...

The pH of blood is maintained by a buffering system, consisting predominately by hydrogen carbonate ions, HCO3-, in equilibrium with carbonic acid, H2CO3, which decomposes completely to CO2 and H2O. H3O+ + HCO3- ⇌ 2H2O + CO2 Questions 1. During exercise, CO2 is produced at a rapid rate in muscle. How does exercising affect the pH of blood? Give a reason for your answer. 2. Hyperventilation (rapid and deep breathing) can occur during intense exercise. How does hyperventilation affect the...

Human blood contains a buffering system. What are the key molecules in this buffer, and why...

Human blood contains a buffering system. What are the key molecules in this buffer, and why is it necessary?

Explain system controls. What are they? Why are they so important? Is there ever a time...

Explain system controls. What are they? Why are they so important? Is there ever a time when a system has too few or too many controls? Explain your answer. Identify and discuss numerous types.

Question 1. If, as Frederick Herzberg claims, money is not an effective motivator, why do so...

Question 1. If, as Frederick Herzberg claims, money is not an effective motivator, why do so many organisations rely on pay to motivate employees? Question 2. In their work on power in organizations, John French and Bertram Raven propose five ‘bases of social power’. With reference to examples, discuss these five bases and explain how they might be seen in organizations. Question 3. According to Robert Michels, “Who says organization, says oligarchy”. With reference to theory and examples, explain the...

Explain why the pH of deionized water changes so drastically when acid or base is added.

1) Why the shipping industry is important these days? 2) Why e-system is so important in...

1) Why the shipping industry is important these days? 2) Why e-system is so important in the shipping industry? Can someone give a brief content for around 400 words with citations??

Some textbooks assert that histidine can provide buffering capacity at the physiological pH of 7.4. a)...

Some textbooks assert that histidine can provide buffering capacity at the physiological pH of 7.4. a) Is this assertion correct? b) What are the unprotonated (base) and protonated (acid) forms of histidine that would contribute to the buffering? c) Is there another amino acid that could potentially provide buffering at physiological pH? If so, which one and what are the unprotonated and protonated forms of this amino acid that would ocntribute to the buffering?

At which pH is the H2CO3/HCO3- buffer system most effective? Fill the blank. The buffer is...

At which pH is the H2CO3/HCO3- buffer system most effective? Fill the blank. The buffer is most effective between (BLANK) (lower pH limit) and (BLANK) (upper pH limit)

Why is a systematic approach required for an effective risk management system?

1) Explain why proper structuring of a workshop is so important? 2) List and explain the...

1) Explain why proper structuring of a workshop is so important? 2) List and explain the 4 easy steps in developing workshops. 3) How would you implement the steps and strategies stated by the presenter into your respective project and in your current workforce or educational arena (if you were to develop a workshop).

Question