Question

The bookkeeper for the Business Students’ Society (BSS) has asked you to prepare a bank reconciliation as of December 31st. The December 31st bank statement and the December T-account for cash (summarized) below.

BSS’s bank reconciliation at the end of November showed a cash balance of $18,800. No deposits were in transit at the end of November, but a deposit was in transit at the end of December.

Business Students’ Society (BSS) had the following transactions during the month of October:

On October 1, BSS placed an order for 100 golf shirts at a unit cost of $20, under terms 2/10, n/30.

The order was received on October 10, but 20 golf shirts had been damaged in shipment.

On October 11, the damaged golf shirts were returned.

On October 12, BSS complained that the remaining golf shirts were slightly defective so the supplier granted a $100 allowance.

BSS paid for the golf shirts on October 13.

During the first week of October, BSS received student and faculty orders for 80 golf shirts, at a unit price of $37.50, on terms 2/10, n/30.

The golf shirts were delivered to these customers on October 18. Unfortunately, customers were unhappy with the golf shirts, so BSS permitted them to be returned or gave an allowance of $12.50 per shirt.

On October 21, one-half of the golf shirts were returned by customers to BSS.

On October 22, the remaining 40 customers were granted the allowance on account.

The customers paid their remaining balances during the week of October 25.

Required:

Prepare journal entries for the transactions described above, using the date of each transaction as its reference. Assume BSS uses perpetual inventory accounts. If you complete this problem in Connect, these journal entries will be summarized for you in T-accounts and a trial balance.

Report the financial effects of the above transactions in a multistep income statement for the month ended October 31 prepared for internal use. Assume operating expenses, other than cost of goods sold, are $100 and income tax expense is $45.

Determine the percentage of net sales that is available to cover operating expenses other than cost of goods sold. By what name is this percentage commonly known?

As of October 31, the check dated October 13 had not cleared the bank. How should BSS report this on its October bank reconciliation? Give the journal entry, if any, needed as a result of including this item in the bank reconciliation.

Answer 1

Journal postings

Date	Account Heads	Debit	Credit
10/10	Purchase A/c	2,000
	Accounts payables A/c		2,000
	(To record receipt of items)
10/10	Accounts Payable A/c	400
	Purchase Return A/c		400
	(To record return of defective item)
10/13	Accounts Payable A/c	1,500
	Allowance A/c		100
	Cash A/c		1,400
	(To record payment of cash and receving $100 allowance)
10/18	Account receivables A/c	3,000
	Sales A/c		3,000
	(To record delivery of client orders )
10/21	Sales Return A/c	1500
	Account Receivables A/c		1,500
	(To record return of the sales)
10/22	Allowance A/c	500
	Account receivables A/c		500
	(To record grant of the allowance)
10/23	Cash A/c	970
	Discount A/c	30
	Account Receivables A/c		1,000
	(To record receipt of the cash against sold goods)

Date	Account	Amount
	Revenue	970
	Cost of Goods Sold	(700)
	Operating Inome	270
	Other Expenses	(100)
	PBT	170
	Tax	(45)
	Profit After tax	125

* ~14.95% of the revenue is sufficient to cover the operating expenses of $145. This is usually called Operating Expense Ratio.

* As the cheque was not presented untill Oct 31, the amount of the cheque should be added to the cash book to avoid the break with the bank pass book.