Question

The result of the urinalysis are following: Color: Dark Yellow Epithelial cast: Present Appearance: Turbid pH: 5.5 Odor: Ammonia-like Hematuria is evident Albumin. Should you be concerned based on the result of your friend urinalysis? Why or why not?

Answer 1

ANSWER

The condition should be taken into concern, because the urin analysis shows some abnormal report.

Explanation

Colour - Normal urine is having pale yellow colour by urobilin.When it is darker it indicates increased concentration. This can be due to dehydration, and however, it may be an indicator that excess, unusual, or potentially dangerous waste products are circulating in the body.

Epithelial cast - Casts are cylindrical bodies formed either in the distal convoluted tubules or the collecting ducts of the kidney. Epithelial casts are composed of renal epithelial cells. Therefore presentation of epithelial cast in urine indicates renal tubular damage, some viral disease can also cause this condition.

Appearance - Normal urine will be clear in appearance, Here turbid urine indicates that it is unclear, murky in appearance. This can be also due to dehydrarion, or presence of excess protein, crystaline substancea, or in an infectious condition(there may be foul smell too in an infection).

pH - Normal urine is slightly acidic in nature. Here it is 5.5 which falls between normal range of  4.5 to 8.0.

Odour - Normal urine is not having much strong odour, occasionally it may give pungent smell of ammonia. This may be due to increased concentration in case of dehydration or due to excess waste products in urine.

Haematuria -is not a normal finding in urine analysis. It is described as presence of blood in urine.This can be due to various conditions likeurinary tract/kidney infections, kidney or bladder cancer; inflammation of the kidney, urethra, bladder, or prostate; and polycystic kidney disease etc

Albumin - Albumin is a protein made by liver, it acts as carriers for vitamins, minerals etc. It will be circulating in blood.Healthy kidney doesn't let albumin pass from the blood into the urine. But in kidney diseases, kidney will filter making them to leak in urine. Therefore presence of evident albumin in urine indicates albuminuria, which is sptom of kidney damage.

From above explanation we can conclude that the reports are not normal.Dehydration is not the result due to haematuria and albuminuria. Therefore significant kidney disease is present, which should be finally diagnosed with symptoms, remaining lab reports.