Question

This is a two-system chapter.

Decide on either the nervous system or the endocrine system for your report.

Write about some disease or condition that is new to you and add some personal comments.

1. Submit your report

2. Participate in the Discussion

Answer 1

Nervous system -

Isaacs syndrome - It is an autoimmune peripheral nerve disorder that causes neuromuscular system Disease, including myokymia .

Etiology- unknown

Signs and symptoms -

• Sensation as if bag of worms are crawling in muscles the condition is called as myokymia.
• Increased sweating
• Carpopedal Muscular spasms

Diagnosis - Clinical evaluation of signs and symptoms.

EMG studies - impaired relaxation after a strong muscle contraction. When this is found without the characteristic waxing-and-waning electromyography [EMG] abnormality of true myotonia.

Treatment - Drugs such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, gabapentin, plasma exchange etc.

Tourette's Syndrome - this condition is presented as repeated, sudden, rapid, arrhythmic muscle movements including sounds .

Etiology - Familial disorder in etiology.

Signs and symptoms - Tics begin before 18 years of age. Tics can be motor or simple(vocalisation without social meaning).

Tics can become less when child is engaged in some activity.Tourette syndrome is diagnosed when people have had both motor and vocal tics for more than 1 year. It can also be found along with co-morbidities in children (ADHD ,OCD & learning disorders) and adults (depression and bipolar disorder).

Diagnosis - Clinical evaluation of motor and vocal tics for more than one year.

Treatment - Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT),clonidine or antipsychotics ,comorbidities treatment.

Special notes - The battle of an Indian girl from Tourette syndrome is shown in a Bollywood movie “Hichki” starring Rani mukharjee.