Question

6. Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor. What would you expect to happen to the blood pressure of a chronic cigarette smoker? Explain your answer.

7. Does a person with a very high post-exercise heart rate have a high or low oxygen debt?

Answer 1

6.Nicotine.

Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor ,as it is a vasoconstrictor it raises the blood pressure.

Nicotine is released into the blood flow chronic smokers and enters the brain where induces pleasure.whwm nicotine flows through the blood reaches the adrenal gland and releases epinephrine which raises the blood pressure.Nicotine also damages the inner layers of the wall of blood vessels and fatty deposits called plaque and narrow the blood vessels and causes atherosclerosis.when blood vessels become narrow and reduces the supply of oxygen and increasing bthe risk of heart attack.Smoking also raises the carbonmonoxide and nitrogen oxide levels in the blood which are poisonous gases reduces the oxygen supply to the tissues.

7.​​​​Oxygen debt( recovery oxygen uptake) is high in with high post excersie heart rate because

During exercise muscle required more oxygen than normal. Muscle undergoes contraction requires lots of energy.Rate of breathing and volume of breathing increases rapidly and more energy is required than normal and undergoes anaerobic respiration which is far less efficient than aerobic and produces lactic acid in the muscles.After completing the excecise this lactic acid have to get rid of by reacting with oxygen.So the more lactic acid you build up more Oxygen required and this is called oxygen dept.