What would you expect to happen to the volume of urine produced after consuming hypo- or...

What would you expect to happen to the volume of urine produced after consuming hypo- or hypertonic drinks? Explain why you expect an increase, decrease or no change in urine volume.

Group 1 (water)

Group 2 (Gatorade / isotonic sports drink)

Group 3 (salty broth)

Expert Solution

For solving this question we are assuming that the drink offered is completely absorbed in the gut wall

Group 1 - Water -( plain water with no salt and carbohydrates)

Water compared to blood is hypotonic.
Water when it enters the blood vessels it causes volume gains.
Water has a tendency to move from areas of low osmolarity to areas of high osmolarity.
Consumption of water expands the intravascular volume.
As it doesn't provide any salt with it, it dilutes the intravascular volume.
In other words, it reduces the osmolarity of the intravascular compartment.
Now, the interstitium and the intracellular compartment has higher osmolarity.
Therefore, fluid from the intravascular compartment moves to the interstitium and the intracellular compartment.
These reduce the blood volume and increase the blood osmolarity
This triggers the release of anti-diuretic hormone
This reduces the fluid loss from the kidney and concentrated urine is excreted.
The volume of urine reduces

Group 2

the osmolarity of the isotonic drinks is the same as blood.
Therefore, the solute concentration in the intravascular and interstitium and intracellular compartments is the same.
So there is no movement of fluid between the compartments
However, the act drinking isotonic solution has expanded the intravascular compartment.
there is also reduce plasma osmolarity due to dilution
This inhibits anti-diuretic hormone release
The urine output increases

Group 3

The solute content of a hypertonic solution is more than that of the intra-cellular and interstitium.
As a result, the water moves from the intracellular and interstitium to the intravascular compartment.
this causes volume expansion.
This inhibits anti-diuretic hormone.
therefore the urine-output increase.
In addition, the excretion of sodium also increases.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

What would you expect to happen to plasma osmolarity after consuming each of these drinks? Explain...

What would you expect to happen to plasma osmolarity after consuming each of these drinks? Explain why you expect an increase, decrease or no change in osmolarity. Group 1 (water) Group 2 (Gatorade / isotonic sports drink) Group 3 (salty broth)

If ADH levels are high, you would expect the concentration of urine to be close to?...

If ADH levels are high, you would expect the concentration of urine to be close to? a. The concentration of interstitial fluid deep in the medulla b. The concentration of fluid at the junction of the cortex and medulla c. The concentration of fluid in the superficial cortex

If the coupon payment decreases, what would you expect to happen to bond prices? A) You...

If the coupon payment decreases, what would you expect to happen to bond prices? A) You would expect bond prices to increase because bond prices and interest rates are positively related. B) You would expect bond prices to fall since bond prices are the sum of the present values of the future payments associated with the bond. C) You would expect bond prices to increase because bond prices and interest rates are positively related. D) Bond prices will be unaffected,...

Suppose that the price of oranges and apples rises. What would you expect to happen to...

Suppose that the price of oranges and apples rises. What would you expect to happen to the market price and quantity of orange juice? (Hint: apple juice is a substitute) Correct answer: the equilibrium price would increase, but the impact on equilibrium quantity would be uncertain *******Draw the curves for each market and explain why this is the correct answer.********

What would you expect to happen to the lungs if intrapleural pressure were the same as...

What would you expect to happen to the lungs if intrapleural pressure were the same as atmospheric pressure? a) The lungs would collapse. b) The lungs would expand. c) The lungs would maintain their normal volume.

6. Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor. What would you expect to happen to the blood pressure of...

6. Nicotine is a vasoconstrictor. What would you expect to happen to the blood pressure of a chronic cigarette smoker? Explain your answer. 7. Does a person with a very high post-exercise heart rate have a high or low oxygen debt?

What would you expect to happen to cellular respiration and photosynthetic rates if you added aquatic...

What would you expect to happen to cellular respiration and photosynthetic rates if you added aquatic snails to the solution in addition to the algal species Scenedesmus obliquus? When considering this question, assume that the environmental conditions/variables are optimal for both processes.

Question