Question

 

Researchers studied the relationship between glucose concentration, oxygen level, and  ATP production in one type of mammalian cell. Cells were isolated and cultured in growth medium containing either  1.5mM glucose or  25 mM glucose and at oxygen levels that varied from  0% to  21%. The researchers determined the concentration of  ATP per cell under the different conditions. The  ATP concentrations are shown as relative to the maximum  ATP concentration obtained when cells were cultured in the presence of  25 mMglucose and  21% oxygen, standard culture conditions. The data are shown in Table 1.

Table 1. Relative concentration of  ATP per cell under different growth conditions

Concentration of Glucose in Growth Medium	Percent of Oxygen	Relative Concentration of  ATP per Cell
1.5mM	0	0.3
1.5 mM	5	0.65
1.5 mM	10	0.75
1.5 mM	21	0.85
25 mM	0	0.4
25 mM	5	0.7
25 mM	10	0.8
25 mM	21	1.0

(a)  Describe the role of oxygen in cellular respiration.

Question 2

(b) Using the template,  construct an appropriately labeled graph to represent the data in Table 1.

Question 3

(c)  Describe the relationship between the concentration of glucose in the culture medium and the  ATP concentration in the cells.

Question 4

(d) In a further experiment, the researchers add a compound to the cell growth medium that both binds and releases protons  (H+) and also passes through lipid membranes.  Predict the effect of this added compound on  ATP production by the cells.  Justify your prediction.

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Answer 1