In: Anatomy and Physiology
There are several hypotheses to explain why sexual reproduction has evolved. Can you propose a way to test your favorite hypothesis?
Ans:-
Hypothsis
1. Environments changed more rapidly than the variation created by asexual reproduction could keep up with.
In asexual reproduction organisms are genetic clones of their parents. Sometimes mutations happen and offspring are not exact copies of their parents. This causes variation in the population that could make them more fit. Natural selection acts on the variation and the species thrives or not. In sexual reproduction, there is much more genetic variation. This means that asexual species should not be able to adapt quickly to a changing environment, but sexually reproducing species can.
2. Species need to evolve quickly to keep up with another species' evolution.
When a predator hunts prey, they are selecting for prey that will not outsmart them by catching and killing prey that cannot outrun them. The prey leftover are the prey that have adaptations to outsmart the predator. This causes prey to slowly become adapted to evade the predator as they will reproduce and pass on their adaptations. Slowly the prey population will mostly be hard to catch. This should cause selection on the predator to catch the more evasive prey, as predators that cannot catch the newly-adapted prey will die. Eventually this results in a predator population that can catch the evasive prey. Then the cycle will continue with the prey, and so on. This kind of evolution cannot happen quickly with asexual reproduction.
3. Organisms are not well-adapted to their environment.
When organisms are not well adapted to their environment, but reproduce asexually, they cannot change quickly. This would cause them to die out. So, the pressure is high to quickly acquire variation. This level of variation can only happen with sexually reproducing species.
Theory test: To test hypothesis 1, to begin with, you wish to get a species that can replicate rapidly but are right now agamic. At that point, haphazardly select a little test of said species. Isolated the species into two bunches: a control gather and a test gather. The control gather will be kept in a partitioned cage and permitted to replicate. The treatment gather will be put in a comparable cage, but the analyst will change the environment each other era of the species. Each era, the analyst ought to know how numerous sibling are display and how they were produced. In case in the long run the life forms within the treatment cage begin to sexually reproduce, then the theory is upheld. In the event that not, at that point it isn't backed.