Question

G-proteins contain distinct domains that are able to bind to multiple components of the signaling pathway.  This is an example of which general feature of signaling pathways.

1. Desensitization/adaptation
2. Sensitivity
3. Specificity
4. Integration
5. Modularity
6. Localization

Lipid rafts play an important role in limiting a signal by impacting which general feature of signaling pathways.

1. Desensitization/adaptation
2. Sensitivity
3. Specificity
4. Integration
5. Modularity
6. Localization

Lipid rafts play an important role in limiting a signal by impacting which general feature of signaling pathways.

1. Desensitization/adaptation
2. Sensitivity
3. Specificity
4. Integration
5. Modularity
6. Localization

Answer 1

ANS 1..(C) SPECIFICITY

EXPLANATION: G protein is a type of seven pass transmembrane protein which contain three domain extracellular, integral and intracellular(cytosolic).It has multiple subunit, means trimeric subunit which contain G alpha,beta and gamma subunit.They are specific because when signal molecules/ligand comes into extracellular domain it generates a signal cascade in which the inactive form of trimeric units gets activated by guanine exchange factor results into signal transfer.But when the specific signal molecule/ligand is absent ,they are not able to produce signalling cascade and pathways remain switch OFF.In G protein when subunit is in binded form with GDP the signaling which will OFF but when they get binded with GTP switch will be ON.

DESENSITIZATION is a condition arises when there is loss of responses occur due to repeatation of same signaling for long duration .SENSITIVITY also a type of response generally shown by neurotransmitter.

ANS 2..(f) LOCALIZATION

Explanation:LIPID raft generally limiting the signal by internalising themselfes in a particular area .As lipid raft contain high concentration of cholestrol and glycosphingolipid in the subdomain of plasma membrane.Raft also have small amount of protein so they may involve in signal transduction.Rafts are also important for regulating signaling by two process first is not transfer proper signal due to less protein containa and secondly by sequestration of signaling components which means they supress the protein activity internaly or within raft.

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