Question

c. what are the Motor divisions of the ANS

d. Which motor division provides craniosacral outflow and which provides thoracolumbar outflow

e. what are the General effects of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions

f. what is the Difference between prevertebral ganglia and terminal ganglia

Answer 1

C. The motor divisions of AND are the buch of nerves starting from the ANS to different parts of the body for certain control mechanism. They mainly two division the sympathetic and parasympathetic division

D. The parasympathetic division has craniosacral out flow. This means that in this division the neurons start from the cranial nerves CN3,7,910 and from the sacral nerves 2-4 spinal cord.

Thoracolumbar outflow occurs at the thoracic and lumbar portion of spinal cord. ie from T1-L2

E. Sympathetic system make the body eligible to meet the extreme situations or an emergency situation and to prepare body for intense physical activities. This known as fight or flight response. By the secretion of catecholamines they makes the body enough to meet these situations. Sympathetic system elevated heart rate, blood pressure ,pupil dilation etc.

Parasympathetic system acts just opposite to that. It mainly acts on high energy functions and slow them. They makes the body relaxed.

F. Prevertebral ganglia is found near internal organs and terminal ganglia is present in the surface of the target organs. Prevertebral ganglia are sympathetic ganglia. They are located in between paravertebral ganglia and target organ. Terminal ganglia are parasympathetic ganglia. They can be seen in the places where the nerves of the preganglion ends