Question

Describe the sequence of the ovarian cycle. How do hormones regulate the cycle?

Answer 1

Sequence of ovarian cycle in human body
OVARIAN CHANGES IN OVARIAN CYCLE .

Follicular phase ( that is from 5th to the 14 th day )

• Maturation of ovum in 5 to 14th day of the menstural cycle

Ovarian follicle develop into primordial folicle which develop into primary folicle that develops into vesicular follicle and forms into Graafian follicle .

• Ovulation on 14th day of menstural cycle

In this the formation of corpus luteum occur that is by rupture of graphian folicle and release of ovum occur
Luteal phase ( that is from 15 th to 28 th day )

• Formation of Corpus luteum

The ruptured graphian folicle will turn into corpus hemorrhagicum and then to corpus luteum which helps in maintaining pregnancy

UTERINE CHANGES

• Mestrual phase ( from 1 to 5 th day )

The main process's are desquamation of the endometrium and it's expulsion.
In this step involution of the endometrium occur which cause vasoconstriction and hypoxia in the endometrium . This will result in the rupture of blood vessel and expulsion of desquamated endometrium and thinning up to 1 mm

• Proliferative phase (5 th to the 14 th day )

In this phase endometrium thickening occur
Proliferation of endometrial cells and the development of uterine glands and blood vessels . It increases in the thickness of endometrium to 2 to 3 mm

• Secretory phase ( 5 th to the 14 th day )

It is the phase of preparation of uterus to receive fertilized ovum
Increase in the number and size of blood vessel as well as uterine glands which will increase in blood supply of the uterus . Deposition of lipid and glycogen in endometrium and cause thickening of endometrium 6 mm
CERVICAL CHANGES  

• Proliferative phase

It helps in the motility and survival of sperm in this phase mucus membrane become thinner and more alkaline

• Secretory phase

Holding the sperm and the mucus membrane become thick and adhesive .
VAGINAL CJANGE

• Proliferative phase

In this phase increase in resistance for infection cornification of epithelial cells

• Secretory phase

In this proliferation of epithelial cells and infiltration of leukocytes occur .

These is the sequence and the associated changes in ovarian cycles.