Could you explain Lewis dot structures and the spdf levels. I am in organic chemistry and...

Could you explain Lewis dot structures and the spdf levels. I am in organic chemistry and I can't remember the basics of working with a molecule and setting up how it forms.

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Expert Solution

Lewis structures are basically diagrams that represent bonding between atoms/molecules. Some important points to remember are :

Only valence electrons are considered for Lewis structure.
2 dots represent a lone pair of electrons.Lone pairs should be initially represented by dots around the atoms, unless each atom has octet.
Bonds are shown by straight lines. For double and triple bonds, 2 and 3 lines are used.
Formal charges on various atoms are explicitly shown.

SPDF are orbitals of atoms. They are the solutions to the Schrodinger equation, when it is solved for a particular atom. Each orbital has its own shape.

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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