Question

How are the four main structural components of a computer and the four main structural components of a central processing unit (CPU) similar or different?

Answer 1

Solution:

The components of a computer and CPU and their relationship is provided below:

The four main structural components of Computer are as follows:

Central Processing Unit (CPU): The CPU refers to the Brain and Heart of a computer system. The CPU is responsible for all the actions and providing the services by the system. The CPU consists of the following operations:

• Instruction fetching from the memory.
• Instruction decoding.
• Execution of the instruction.
• Storing result in the main memory.

Main Memory: The main memory consists of two parts. The one is the main memory and the other one is the secondary storage memory.

• The main memory refers to the primary storage, which kept the information and provide the immediate access to the CPU.
• It is being closely connected to the CPU, the content can be easily changed.
• Random access memory (RAM) and the Read only memory (ROM) belongs to the main memory only.
• The secondary memory having the large amount of data storage. The secondary memory consists of the magnetic tapes, magnetic disk, optical memory device.

Input/output Devices: These devices provide an interface between the user and the computer to interact.

System Bus: There are three types of busses.

• The first one is the Address bus. It is a unidirectional line, which compute the memory size addressable by the processor.
• The second one is the Data bus, It is a bi-directional bus. It determines the size of the data which is being transferred between the processor and the memory or between input output device.
• The third one is the control bus. This is used to provide the control of the signals.

The components of CPU are as follows:

ALU: The ALU refers to the arithmetic logic unit. This performs logical and arithmetic operations.

Control Unit: It takes care of the execution of the instructions so that they will execute correctly.

It controls the actions of the components of the computer to execute the instructions properly.

Registers: They are the temporary storage, which resides inside the CPU. They are quickly readable and writable when as they are residing in the CPU.

The CPU is a part of a computer which has its own components. So, for the statement of similarity and difference, the CPU components differ from computer component. But CPU is a part of computer only.