What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? What are genes, alleles, and genotypes? What are monohybrid...

What is the chromosome theory of inheritance? What are genes, alleles, and genotypes? What are monohybrid cross, dihybrid cross, and reciprocal cross?

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Chromosome theory of inheritance :

The Chromosome theory of inheritance was postulated by Sutton & Boveri independently in 1902 , this theory states that genes are located on chromosome. The behavious of chromosome during meiosis & fertilization accounts for inheritance patterns. It is chromosome and not genes that undergo segregation & independent assortmrnt during meiosis.

Genes: Scientifically, genes are parts of DNA which produces RNA & thereby protein

Mendel persumed that a chracter is determined by a pair of factors or determiners present in each cell of an individual, these are known as genes in modern genetics.

The structural & functional unit of heredity is called gene.

Alleles:

Alternative form of one gene is called allelomorph or alleles. They are present on the same locus of the homologous chromosome.

Genotypes: It is the gene complement or genetic constitution of an individual with regard to one or more character irrespective of whether the genes are expressed or not.

Monohybrid cross: It involves the study of inheritance of one pair of contrasting character.

Dihybrid cross; It involves the study of inheritance of two pairs of contrasting characters.

Reciprocal cross: The reciprocal cross involve two crosses concerning the same character but with reversed sexes.

gladiator answered 1 year ago

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