Question

Governments are now preparing for the impacts of climate change by developing adaptation policies in key areas. Other key areas include innovations in how we live our lives. Outline the factors that must be considered in devising an effective strategy to minimize risks and vulnerabilities for Canadians in each of the following areas:

Water resources

Agriculture or forestry

Human health

Urbanization

Northern community development

Answer 1

Ans - The factors that must be considered in devising an effective stratergy to minimize risk and vulnerabilities for Canadians in each of the following areas are -

1- Water Resources - Canada's fresh water can be found in the form of river , lakes , groundwater , ice and snow . Considering that on an average annual basis , Canadian rivers discharges close to 7% of the world's renewable water supply , Canada appears to have generous water endowment , Aggregate measure , however , can be deceiving.

2- Forestry - Almost half of Canada's land area is covered with forest , the accessible portions of which provide abundant resources for lumber , pulp , and paper . The most valuable forest region for timber production is the west coast, where the climate is conductive to the growth of gaint trees with excellent lumber . Forest products form a larger part of Canada's export trade than do the combined exports of farm, fish and mineral products .Canada is the world leader in the export of pulp and paper and also exports large amounts of softwood lumber , mostly to the United states . British Columbia , Ontario and Quebec are leading provinces production of forest products.

Canada's forest industry has to struggle constantly against the threats of fire , insects , and disease , Some control of insects has been achieved through the aerial spraying of insecticides , but this practice also eradicates insect eating birds and predator insects . Because forest have significant value in maintaining an ecological balance in the environment and also provide important recreational opportunites , the forest industry is increasingly held to account for environmentally damaging practices.

3- Human Health - The human health agency of canada empowers Canadians to improve their health . In partnership with others ,its activities focus on preventing disease and injuries , promoting good physical and mental health , and providing information decision making . It values scientific excellence and provides national leadership in response to public health threats .

4- Urbanization - It's a complex process in which a country's population centres tend to become larger more specialized and more interdependent over time . It arises from interacting economic , social , technological, demographic , political and environmental changes over 80 percent of candains live in urban centres .