Question

• What is IPv4?
• What is URL (uniform resource locator)? What are the examples of URLs?
• What is IPv6 and Why do we need it? Why there is no IPv5?
• What is IoT (internet of things)? What are the benefits if we connect all things into the Internet (or networks)?
• Compare IP addresses to US Postal Address. Use real examples.

Answer 1

a) The IPv4 or the Internet Protocol Version 4 is the fourth version of the IP and is being widely used protocol for the data communication over the internet. This is a connectionless protocol used in the packet-switched layer such as Ethernet. IPv4 are represented using Dots does not provide IPSec.

b) URL or the Uniform Resource Locator is the address of the resource on the internet. The URL indicates the location of the resource and even provides the protocol used for accessing. URL generally contains information regarding the protocol to access resource and the location of the server.

e.g: https://www.google.com

c) IPv6 is the set of specification and the 6th version of the Internet Protocol. The IPv6 supports the source as well as destination addresses and are generally 128-bits long. IPv6 provides IPSec support. The IPv6 are denoted using hexadecimal format separated by colons. Due to lack of IPv6 IPs, IPv6 comes into the picture.

There is no IPv5 because to avoid confusion. The main drawback of the version 5 actually relates to the experimental YCP/IP protocol called the ISP (Internet Stream Protocol). This protocol apparently not in use and thus not to create any confusion the version 5 is skipped.

d) The IoT is the Internet of Things is the system consists of the interrelated computing devices, mechanical as well as digital machines that are being provided with UIDs and thus has the ability to transfer the data over the network eliminating the human to human or even human to computer interaction.

Benefits:

• It can be used to monitor the entire business process.
• It helps in improving customer experience.
• It helps in integrating and adapting business models.

e) The IP address is used to denote the address of the computer such that communication can be established between devices and even between networks. Whereas the postal address functions similar functionality like that of the IP as it represents unique number of the house followed by location thus making the house unique from others and thus easy communication can be established.

eg: IP address of computer: 200.168.30.23 is a unique public address and cannot be replicated. Similar way a house number 200 Elm Street in Raleigh, North Carolina is the unique address of the particular house such that communication can be established from that address to outside world.