Question

In: Chemistry

For the following processes carried out on an ideal monatomic gas, determine whether the associated work...

For the following processes carried out on an ideal monatomic gas, determine whether the associated work (for the system) is positive, negative, or zero. Briefly explain your reasoning.

(a) A gas (the system) in a rigid container is placed a refrigerator and cooled.

(b) A gas (the system) in a flexible container (balloon) is placed in a hot water bath and heated.

(c) A gas (the system) contained in a glass vial is placed in an evacuated chamber and the vial is cracked.

(d) A gas in a rigid container has a resistor filament inside connected to an external circuit. An electrical current is passed through the resistor filament. (The gas and the filament together are defined as the system.)

(e) A gas in a rigid container has a resistor filament inside connected to an external circuit. An electrical current is passed through the resistor filament. (The gas alone is the system. The filament up to its surface is part of the surroundings.)

Expert Solution

If system expands --> W is negative

if system gets compressed --> W = positive

if system remains in volume, W =

(a) A gas (the system) in a rigid container is placed a refrigerator and cooled.

Rigid --> no V change, no Work, W = 0

(b) A gas (the system) in a flexible container (balloon) is placed in a hot water bath and heated.

The gas expands, so they system expands, W is negative

(c) A gas (the system) contained in a glass vial is placed in an evacuated chamber and the vial is cracked.

The gas expands, so they system expands, W is negative

d) A gas in a rigid container has a resistor filament inside connected to an external circuit. An electrical current is passed through the resistor filament. (The gas and the filament together are defined as the system.)

Rigid container = V= 0, then W = 0

(e) A gas in a rigid container has a resistor filament inside connected to an external circuit. An electrical current is passed through the resistor filament. (The gas alone is the system. The filament up to its surface is part of the surroundings.)

Rigid container = V= 0, then W = 0

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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