Question

• · Assuming no earth atmosphere, what the expected temperature of the earth would be? How this temperature could be estimated?
• · Most notable CO2 monitoring station is at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. Why the CO2 concentration changes with season during the year?
• · With current rate of CO2 addition to the atmosphere, assuming this rate is constant, how long it will take to double the CO2 atmosphere concentration?
• · What kinds of effect the global warming may have on the living environment of human being?
• · List 5 important greenhouse gasses.
• · What are the stabilization wedges? Can you list 5 of them?
• · Under the Paris Agreement within the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, what is the targeted temperature increase above pre-industrial levels the world try to limit to?

Answer 1

1.Earth's temperature will be decreased and drop to below zero - like -20°C; with the result, all water on Earth would freeze, the oceans would turn into ice and life on earth as we know it, would not exist.

Reason

Water vapour plays a more important role in keeping the Earth warm than the other gases in the atmosphere, contributing more than 50% of the Earth’s greenhouse warming. This greenhouse effect keeps the average surface temperature of the earth at around 15°C. If this effect was absent than temperature would decrease.

2.Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has been varied during ancient period. The ancient period is around 100,000 years.in geologic terms, CO2 has cycled between 180 parts per million (ppm) in the colder periods of an ice age and 280 ppm in the warmer, interglacial periods. In this case, the forcing, for the CO2 variations was a variation of the solar heat flux into the earth caused by variations in the orbit of the earth and the tilt of the earth's axis. The variation of solar heat flux warmed and cooled the earth. As the earth warmed in an interglacial period, CO2 was driven out of solution from the oceans and from the arctic tundra.The CO2 response lagged the temperature variations by around 10,000 years.

One more reason is because that's where plants are most affected by the seasons.During the Spring plants grow, absorbing CO2 from the atmosphere.During the Fall they die back, releasing CO2 to the atmosphere.

3.carbon dioxide concentrations have been growing at a rate of 2 to 2.5 ppm each year. At those rates, it would take 60-80 years to double the carbon dioxide levels during this earth's average temperature will rise between 1.5°c-3°c

4.​Following are the effects of global warming on environment:

1.Hotter climate

2.Rising sea levels

3.More frequent and extreme weather events

4.Oceans are warming and acidifying

5.Important greenhouse gases are:

1.carbon dioxide

2.Methane

3..CFC's

4.Nitrogen dioxide

5.Sulphur dioxide

6.Stabilization wedges

Global warming is a problem which can attack ozone layer technologies are available to reduce CO2 emissions and the techonology used to reduce Co2 emmisions is called stabilization wedge.The objective is to stabilize CO2 concentrations under 500ppm for the next fifty years, using wedges from a variety of different strategies which fit into the stabilization triangle

Types of stabilization wedges

1.Biofuel

2.Fuel switching

3.Efficiency

4.wind electricity

5.Solar electricity

7.According to paris agreement

"Holding the increase in the global average temperature to well below 2℃ above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5℃ above pre-industrial levels"