Question

Acid deposition is the transfer of acids in the atmosphere to Earth\'s surface through precipitation, fog, and aerosols. The presence of air pollutants, such as sulfur oxides (SOx) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), has caused acid deposition to occur. What are some of the results of acid deposition? Select all that apply.

corrosion of marble monuments

lower acidity levels in surface waters

greater soil nutrients

forest degradation

increased deaths from asthma

Answer 1

1) Presence of acidic gases in the environment can corrode marble monuments. Marble is limestone (CaCO₃). Acidic gases like SO₂ or NO₂ dissolve in atmospheric moisture forming acids that react with limestone and corrode the same as below:

SO₂ + H₂O -----> H₂SO₃

2 SO₂ + O₂ -----> 2 SO₃

SO₃ + H₂O ----> H₂SO₄

CaCO₃ + H₂SO₄ ----> CaSO₄ + CO₂ + H₂O

Therefore, the first statement is true.

2) Acid depositions in soil make the soil acidic. Acidic soil is detrimental for plant growth and hence degrades forestation. Hence the fourth statement is true.

3) Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, SOX and NOX contain suspended particles which can choke respiratory systems in human beings. This leads to increased breathing difficulties and concerns like asthma. Though deaths due to asthama may not be a widely reported incident, but grave health issues due to asthma is seriously a cause of concern. Death is also a possibility, though it takes exposure to severe levels of suspended particles. Hence, the final statement is also true.