Question

A patient has been diagnosed with high blood pressure. With your knowledge of renin and its action on the body, explain how lowering the levels of renin release may help to lower blood pressure in the patient? Explain 5 different details about how renin might act to control blood pressure in the patient

Answer 1

The patient diagnosed with high blood pressure could be affected by fluctuations in level of Renin.

The Renin is an aspartic protease protein . This is an enzyme secreted by the kidneys that plays an important role in the body's renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) . RAAS mediates the volume of extracellular fluid and arterial vasoconstriction. Hence, it regulates the body's mean arterial blood pressure of the patient.

Action - Renin activates the renin–angiotensin system by Catalysing angiotensinogen {Liver} to form angiotensin I, which is further converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin–converting enzyme {ACE} , mainly within the lung capillaries. Angiotensin II constricts blood vessels, increases the secretion of ADH and aldosterone, and stimulates the hypothalamus . This stimulates the thirst reflex, which causes into an increase in blood pressure. Renin's mainly increase blood pressure, by restoration of perfusion pressure in the kidneys. Hence , lowering the levels of Renin the blood pressure of patient can be lowered.

How might Renin control blood pressure -

• By stimulation over baroreceptor for decreased blood pressure.
• Fall in sodium level at distal tubules.
• By activation of sympathetic nervous system.
• Low blood volume and high potassium
• Excessive bleeding.