Question

Write at least 600 words analyzing Cloud Elasticity Vs Cloud Scalability. Why is the future of computing in the cloud? Consider the concept of fractional ownership with refernce

Answer 1

Cloud Computing can be defined as delivering computing power, resources, CPU, RAM, Network Speeds, Storage OS software as a service over a network usually on the internet rather than physically having the computing resources at the customer location. The term “Cloud” came from a network design that was used by network engineers to represent the location of various network devices and there inter-connection. The shape of this network design was like a cloud. Cloud computing decreases the hardware and software demand from the user’s side. The only thing that user must be able to run is the cloud computing systems interface software, which can be as simple as Web browser, and the Cloud network takes care of the rest.

There are many aspects of cloud computing , IT managers should consider when deciding to add cloud services to their infrastructure. Cost, security, performance, availability, and reliability are some common key areas to consider. Another criterion that has been added to the list recently is cloud scalability and cloud elasticity. Understanding these differences is very important to ensuring the needs of the business are properly met.

Cloud Elasticity

Elasticity is the ability to grow or shrink infrastructure resources dynamically as needed to adapt to workload changes in an autonomic manner, maximizing the use of resources. This can result in savings in infrastructure costs overall. Not everyone can benefit from elastic services though. Environments that do not experience sudden or cyclical changes in demand may not benefit from the cost savings elastic services offer. Use of “Elastic Services” generally implies all resources in the infrastructure be elastic. This includes but not limited to hardware, software, Quality of Service and other policies, connectivity, and other resources that are used in elastic applications. This may become a negative trait where performance of certain applications must have guaranteed performance. It depends on the environment.

Cloud elasticity is a popular feature associated with scale-out solutions (horizontal scaling), which allows for resources to be dynamically added or removed when needed. Elasticity is generally associated with public cloud resources and is more commonly featured in pay-per-use or pay-as-you-grow services. This means IT managers are not paying for more resources than they are consuming and any given time. In virtualized environments cloud elasticity could include the ability to dynamically deploy new virtual machines or shutdown inactive virtual machines.

A use case that could easily have the need for cloud elasticity would be in retail with increased seasonal activity. For example, during the holiday season for black Friday spikes and special sales during this season there can be a sudden increased demand on the system. Instead of spending budget on additional permanent infrastructure capacity to handle a couple months of high load out of the year, this is a good opportunity to use an elastic solution. The additional infrastructure to handle the increased volume is only used in a pay-as-you-grow model and then “shrinks” back to a lower capacity for the rest of the year. This also allows for additional sudden and unanticipated sales activities throughout the year if needed without impacting performance or availability. This can give IT managers the security of unlimited headroom when needed. This can also be a big cost savings to retail companies looking to optimize their IT spend if packaged well by the service provider.

Cloud Scalability

Scalability includes the ability to increase workload size within existing infrastructure (hardware, software, etc.) without impacting performance. These resources required to support this are usually pre-planned capacity with a certain amount of headroom built in to handle peak demand. Scalability also encompasses the ability to expand with additional infrastructure resources, in some cases without a hard limit. Scalability can either be vertical (scale-up with in a system) or horizontal (scale-out multiple systems in most cases but not always linearly). Therefore, applications have the room to scale up or scale out to prevent a lack of resources from hindering performance. There are cases where the IT manager knows he/she will no longer need resources and will scale down the infrastructure statically to support a new smaller environment. Either increasing or decreasing services and resources this is a planned event and static for the worse case workload scenario.

For example, there is a small database application supported on a server for a small business. Over time as the business grows so will the database and the resource demands of the database application. If the IT manager knows based on the growth rate of the business and/or the database he may purchase provisioned infrastructure (compute, network, and storage) so that the database application has the room to grow to its maximum performance and capacity expected. In other words, scale up performance without having to worry about not meeting service level agreement in a steady pay-as-you-grow solution.

Another use case is virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI). There are an expected number of desktops based on employee population. To ensure the ability to support the maximum number of users and meet service level agreement, the amount of services purchased must be enough to handle all users logged in at once as a maximum use case. In short, the amounts of resources allocated are there to handle the heaviest predicted load without degradation in performance.

The difference between the two

The purpose of elasticity is to match the resources allocated with actual amount of resources needed at any given point in time. Scalability handles the changing needs of an application within the confines of the infrastructure via statically adding or removing resources to meet applications demands if needed. In most cases, this is handled by scaling up (vertical scaling) and/or scaling out (horizontal scaling). In addition, scalability can be more granular and targeted in nature than elasticity when it comes to sizing.

Common use cases where cloud elasticity works well include e-commerce and retail, mobile and other environments that have ever changing demands on infrastructure services. Businesses that have a predictable workload where capacity planning and performance are stable and have the ability to predict the constant workload or a growth cloud scalability may be the better cost saving choice.

Some cloud services are considered adaptable solutions where both scalability and elasticity are offered. They allow IT departments to expand or contract their resources and services based on their needs while also offer pay-as-you-grow to scale for performance and resource needs to meet service level agreement. Incorporation of both of these capabilities is an important consideration for IT managers whose infrastructures are constantly changing. Do not fall into the sales confusion of services where cloud elasticity and scalability are presented as the same service by public cloud providers.

There are distinct differences between elasticity and scalability. It depends on the business need or use case whether elastic or scalability services will be the best choice. A rule of thumb can help you make that decision: Cloud scalability is generally delivered more readily in private cloud environments while cloud elasticity is generally delivered more readily in public cloud environments.

Cloud elasticity enables businesses to dynamically mitigate variability in demand, along with the peaks and valleys in the demand for an IT service, regardless of whether that service is delivered to internal or external customers. Cloud scalability, on the other hand, enables businesses to meet expected demand for services without the need for large, up-front investments in infrastructure.

Fractional ownership is a percentage ownership in an asset. Fractional ownership shares in the asset are sold to individual shareholders who share the benefits of the asset such as usage rights, income sharing, priority access, and reduced rates. Cloud storage platforms promise a convenient way for users to share files and engage in collaborations, yet they require all files to have a single owner who unilaterally makes access control decisions. Existing clouds are, thus, agnostic to the notion of shared ownership. This can be a significant limitation in much collaboration because, for example, one owner can delete files and revoke access without consulting the other collaborators. This drawback can be eliminated by using the concept of fractional ownership in the cloud.