Question

Problem 10-16 Comprehensive Variance Analysis [LO10-1, LO10-2, LO10-3]

Highland Company produces a lightweight backpack that is popular with college students. Standard variable costs relating to a single backpack are given below:

	Standard Quantity or Hours	Standard Price or Rate			Standard Cost
Direct materials	?	$	4.00	per yard	$	?
Direct labor	?		?			?
Variable manufacturing overhead	?	$	2	per direct labor-hour		?
Total standard cost per unit					$	?

Overhead is applied to production on the basis of direct labor-hours. During March, 700 backpacks were manufactured and sold. Selected information relating to the month’s production is given below:

	Materials Used			Direct Labor			Variable Manufacturing Overhead
Total standard cost allowed*	$	11,200		$	10,500		$	2,100
Actual costs incurred	$	8,925			?		$	4,032
Materials price variance		?
Materials quantity variance	$	700	U
Labor rate variance					?
Labor efficiency variance					?
Variable overhead rate variance								?
Variable overhead efficiency variance								?

*For the month's production.

The following additional information is available for March’s production:

Actual direct labor-hours		1,050
Difference between standard and actual cost per backpack produced during March	$	0.34	F

Required:

Hint: It may be helpful to complete a general model diagram for direct materials, direct labor, and variable manufacturing overhead before attempting to answer any of the requirements.

1. What is the standard cost of a single backpack?

2. What was the actual cost per backpack produced during March?

3. How many yards of material are required at standard per backpack?

4. What was the materials price variance for March if there were no beginning or ending inventories of materials?

5. What is the standard direct labor rate per hour?

6. What was the labor rate variance for March? The labor efficiency variance?

7. What was the variable overhead rate variance for March? The variable overhead efficiency variance?

8. Prepare a standard cost card for one backpack.

Answer 1

Answer.
	Standard			Actual
	SQ / SH	SR	Total	AQ / AH	AR	Total
Direct Material	2,800.00	4.00	11,200.00	2,975.00	3.00	8,925.00
	$11,200 / $6				$8,925 / 2,975 Yards
Direct Labor	1,050.00	10.00	10,500.00	1,050.00	10.10	10,605.00
		$10,500 / 1,050 hrs			$10,605 / 1,050 hrs
Variable MOH	1,050.00	2.00	2,100.00	1,050.00	3.84	4,032.00
					$4,032 / 1,050 Hrs
Total			23,800.00			23,562.00
Difference between Standard & actual cost per backpack = $0.34 (F)
No. of backpack produced = 700
Standard Cost - Actual Cost = $0.15
Standard Cost per Bag = $23,800 / 700 Nos = $34
$34 - Actual Cost = $0.34
Actual Cost per Backpack = $34 - $0.34 = $33.66
Total Actual Cost = $33.66 X 700 Nos = $23,562
Actual Direct Labor Cost = $23,562 - ($8,925 + $4,032)
Actual Direct Labor Cost = $10,605
Material Quantity Variance = (SQ - AQ) X SR = $700 (U)
(2,800 - AQ) X $4 = (-)$700
AQ = 2,975 yards
Answer 1.
Standard Cost of Single Backpack:
Material	11,200.00
Direct Labor	10,500.00
Variable MOH	2,100.00
Total Standard Cost	23,800.00
No. of Backpack Produced	700
Standard Cost of Single Backpack	34.00
Answer 2.
Actual Cost of Single Backpack:
Material	8,925.00
Direct Labor	10,605.00
Variable MOH	4,032.00
Total Standard Cost	23,562.00
No. of Backpack Produced	700
Actual Cost of Single Backpack	33.66
Answer 3.
Standard Material Required per Unit
Total Material required in Yards	2,800
No. of Backpack Produced	700
Standard Material Reqd. per Unit	4
Answer 4.
Material Price Variance = (SR - AR) X AQ
Material Price Variance = ($4 - $3) X 2,975 yards
Material Price Variance = $2,975 (F)
Answer 5.
Std DL Rate per Hour - $10,500 / 1,050 hrs	10.00
Answer 6.
Labor Rate Variance = (SR - AR) X AH
Labor Rate Variance = ($10 - $10.10) X 1,050 Hrs
Labor Rate Variance = $105 (U)
Labor Efficiency Variance = (SH - AH) X SR
Labor Efficiency Variance = (1,050 hrs - 1,050 hrs) X $10
Labor Efficiency Variance = $0
Answer 7.
Variable Overhead Rate Variance = (SR - AR) X AH
Variable Overhead Rate Variance = ($2 - $3.84) X $1,050 hrs
Variable Overhead Rate Variance = $1,932 (U)
Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance = (SH - AH) X SR
Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance = (1,050 hrs - 1,050 hrs) X $2
Variable Overhead Efficiency Variance = $0
Answer 8.
Standard Cost Card for One Backpack:
	Standard Quantity or hours	Standard Price of Rate	Standard Cost
Direct Material	4 Yards	$4 per Yard	16.00
Direct Labor	1.50 hrs	$10 per hr	15.00
Variable MOH	1.50 hrs	$2 per DLH	3.00
Total Standard Cost			34.00