1- Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure and functions of the airways as they...

1- Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the structure and functions of the airways as they transition from the trachea to the terminal bronchioles.

2- Describe, with the aid of diagrams, the oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve and how it relates to the function of haemoglobin.

Expert Solution

1. Structure and function of airways

The respiratory system consists of nasal passage ,nasopharynx, larynx ,trachea,bronchii and bronchioles. These structure helps in delivering the air into the gas exchnaging organs alveoli.The trachea bidurfactes into the two main bronchii and one enters into left lung and another bronchii enters to right lung.These bronchii divides into secondary ,tertiary and bronchioles.Further bronchiole divides into terminal and respiratory bronchioles.The respiratory bronchioles enters to the lung alveoli. The alveoli is one layer thin structure and moist. It helps in gas exchange in and out to the bloodstream.

2.

The oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve

The oxygen-haemoglobin dissociation curve is the sigmoid shape curve represnts the allosteric interaction of hemoglobin to the oxygen. The multiple factors affects the shifting to curve towards right or left . The right shifting of curve represents the reduced affinity of oxygen to the hemoglobin molecule .It occurs with increased temperature, increased 2-3 DPG (in hypoxia condition),with increased H+ ions. whereas it shifts to left when oxygen affinity is increased to hemoglobin molecule, it occurs upon decreased temperature,decreased 2-3 DPG(diphosphoglycerate),decreased H+ ion concentration.

Sydney Mullin answered 1 year ago

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