explain in your own words, why in some molecules containing central atoms like I and S...

explain in your own words, why in some molecules containing central atoms like I and S can "violate" the octet rule and have more than 8 electrons around them

Expert Solution

The 'octet' rule is formulated considering ns and np orbitals for valence electrons (2 electrons in the s orbitals, and 6 in the p orbitals) attaining an inert gas configuration.

The d orbitals (l=2) starts when the n=3 as principle quantum number. Expanded valence shells are observed only for elements in this period (i.e. n=3) onward.

The orbital diagram for the valence shell of Sulphur is:

Third period elements occasionally expand its octet by utilizing its empty d orbitals in order to accommodate additional electrons.

The Size of the central atom is another important factor. The bigger is the central atom, the larger the number of electrons which it can accomodate. When the central atom with d orbitals, is bonded to small electronegative atoms, such as F, Cl and O then it expands its octet.

queen_honey_blossom answered 2 years ago

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