Question

due to her daily training routine for dancing, this dancer has strong bones and good endurance in her muscles

1. what cells are responsible for building additional bone matrix?

2. which type of muscle fibers is most important for her endurance?

3. what type of metabolism would be prominent in those muscle fibers?

4. would there be a few or many mitochondria in these muscle fibers?

at the end of her dance, she must balance on the tips of her toes for a few seconds?

1. what special sense helps to keep her balanced?

2. what general sensory receptor will also send APS for balance?

the dancer must dance in time with the music. she knows this performance inside and out, but she must be able to hear the orchestra to know her cues.

1. what nerve carries the action potential for sound? name and number

2. where in the brain will this action potential go?

3. where in the brain does she recognize the music?

to support her training, this dancer must be mindful of her nutrition

1. give two examples of macromolecules that should be a part of her diet in order to produce ATP (be specific)

2. what process is responsible for breaking down these macromolecules in digestion?

3. what electrolytes must she make sure to consume in order to have a good muscle function? name 3

Answer 1

Question 1

1. Osteoblast is responsible for new bone cell formation

2. Slow twitch fibres or red fibres needed for activities requiring long endurance which have high oxygen content.

3. Aerobic metabolism will be prominent in red muscle fibres.
4. large number of mitochondria are present in red muscle fibres

Question 2

1. Vestibular system is responsible for balance.

2. Receptors for balance is located in the inner ear. Inside the utricle and saccule are maculae containing hair cells which senses movement of head and maintain balance.

Question 3

1. Cochlear nerve which is part of vestibulocochlear nerve-8th cranial nerve

2. These action potentials will go into the temporal lobe of cerebrum where auditory cortex is situated.

3.The stimuli reaching the temporal lobe are send to the frontal and parietal lobe for processing

Question 4

1. 2 essential macromolecule required for the ATP synthesis are Carbohydrate and Fat.

2. Carbohydrate are digested to simpler molecule like glucose with the help of Amylase enzyme

Fat are digested into Fatty acid and glycerol by Lipase enzyme and it is absorbed with the help of Bile.

3.The essential electrolyte required for the contraction and relaxation of teh muscle fiber is Calcium.

Hypocalcemia can lead to Tetany.(irregular spastic muscle contraction)