Question

Question 11

Old Red Blood Cells are removed from circulation by the spleen. They are broken down and the removed heme (minus the iron) forms which of the following?

Bilirubin

Micelles

Bile Acids

Urobilinogen

Question 12

Which of the following causes contraction of smooth muscles behind a bolus of food?

Release of Acetylcholine by motor neurons of the enteric nervous system

Release of Acetylcholine by sensory neurons of the enteric nervous system

Release of Nitric Oxide by Interstitial cells of Cajal

The release of Epinephrine from the sympathetic nervous system

Question 13

H+ is secreted into the stomach by:

H+/K+ ATP ase pump

H+/Cl- symport

H+/HCO3= antiport

H+ ATPase pump

Question 14

Which of the following has the greatest influence on HCl secretion?

Histamine

Gastrin

Secretin

Question 15

Which of the following drains secretions from the pancreas, gall bladder AND the liver into the duodenum?

Common Bile Duct

Pancreatic Duct

Cystic Duct

Answer 1

Ans 11) Bilirubin

After the old RBC is broken down, which is broken and degraded in the spleen, it helps in breaking down and converting the heme into iron and biliverdin. After the iron is removed and stripped from the heme, it is converted into biliverdin and this is gradually converted into bilirubin and after that it is processed in the liver and hence broken down into amino acids. The amino acids are further used for building the other proteins.

Micelle is not the right option as it is an aggregate of surfactant molecule and this is dispersed into a colloidal liquid. It has the hydrophilic head that is in contact with the solvent which surrounds the same.

Bile acid is not the right option as these are steroid acids and they are present within the bile which is present in the mammals. They are synthesized in liver and hence helps in digestion

Urobilinogen is not the right option as it is an important component of urine and is a by-product which is formed by the reduction of bilirubin.