Question

1. Hemoglobin is the protein found in red blood cells that transports oxygen from your lungs to your cells. Below is a segment of the DNA sequence that codes for a normal hemoglobin protein (the entire gene is much longer). Using the DNA sequence provided, transcribe the sequence into mRNA. Use the bottom strand as the coding strand.

5’ A C T G C C C A T G G T G C A C C T G A C T C C T G A G G A G 3’

3’ T G A C G G G T A C C A C G T G G A C T G A G G A C T C C T C 5’

5`-CUC CUC AGG AGU CAG GUG CAC CAU GGG CAG U-3`

2. For hemoglobin, translate the mRNA strand from step 5 to the correct amino acid sequence. Make sure to start translation only after reaching the start codon.

Leu-Leu-Arg-Ser-Gln-Val-His-His-Gly-Gln

3. Sickle cell disease is a symptom of a genetic mutation that alters the structure of the hemoglobin protein. This mutation decreases the function of hemoglobin so it does not transport oxygen efficiently. Below is a segment of the DNA sequence that codes for a sickle cell hemoglobin protein (the entire gene is much longer). Using the DNA sequence provided, transcribe the sequence into mRNA. Use the bottom strand as the coding strand.

5’ A C T G C C C A T G G T G C A C C T G A C T C C T G T G G A G 3’

3’ T G A C G G G T A C C A C G T G G A C T G A G G A C A C C T C 5’

3'- GAG GTG TCC TCA GTC CAC GTG GTA CCC GTC A-5'

5'-CUC CAC AGG AGU CAG GUG CAC CAU GGG CAG U-3'

4. For sickle cell hemoglobin, translate the mRNA strand from step 7 to the correct amino acid sequence. Make sure to start translation only after reaching the start codon.

This is the translation from mRna his- arg- ser- gln- Val- his- his- gly- gln

5. Compare the two DNA template strands from step 5 and step 7. Compare the sequences and identify the sickle-cell mutation. How many and what nucleotides changed due to the mutation?

6. Compare the two mRNA strands from step 5 and step 7. Compare the sequences and identify the sickle-cell mutation. How many and what codons changed due to the mutation?

7. Compare the two amino acid strands from step 6 and step 8. Compare the sequences and identify the sickle-cell mutation. How many and what amino acids changed due to the mutation?

Answer 1

Answer =

1. Below is a segment of the DNA sequence that codes for a normal hemoglobin protein (the entire gene is much longer). Using the DNA sequence provided, transcribe the sequence into mRNA. Use the bottom strand as the coding strand.

5’ A C T G C C C A T G G T G C A C C T G A C T C C T G A G G A G 3’ ---------- Non coding strand

3’ T G A C G G G T A C C A C G T G G A C T G A G G A C T C C T C 5’------------ Coding strand

  Transcription

5`- A C U G C C C A U G G U G C A C C U G A C U C C U G A G G A G -3' ------------mRNA

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1. For hemoglobin, translate the mRNA strand from step 5 to the correct amino acid sequence. Make sure to start translation only after reaching the start codon. The mRNA sequence is

5`- A C U G C C C A U G G U G C A C C U G A C U C C U G A G G A G -3' ------------mRNA

5' - A CUG CCC AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GAG GAG - 3'- mRNA

Start codon

Translation

5' Met - Val - His - Leu - Thr - Pro - Glu - Glu - 3' ------------amino acid sequence.

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1. Sickle cell disease is a symptom of a genetic mutation that alters the structure of the hemoglobin protein. This mutation decreases the function of hemoglobin so it does not transport oxygen efficiently. Below is a segment of the DNA sequence that codes for a sickle cell hemoglobin protein (the entire gene is much longer). Using the DNA sequence provided, transcribe the sequence into mRNA. Use the bottom strand as the coding strand.

5’ A C T G C C C A T G G T G C A C C T G A C T C C T G T G G A G 3’

3’ T G A C G G G T A C C A C G T G G A C T G A G G A C A C C T C 5’---------------coding strand

Transcription

5' A C U G C C C A U G G U G C A C C U G A C U C C U G U G G A G - 3'------------mRNA  

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5' A CUG CCC AUG GUG CAC CUG ACU CCU GUG G A G - 3'------------mRNA   start codon

  Translation

5' Met - Val - His - Leu - Thr - Pro - Val - Glu - 3' ------------amino acid sequence

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