Question

Different systems (such as the circulatory system, digestive system, respiratory system, urinary system, skeletomuscular system, etc.) cooperatively regulate homeostasis. Describe a homeostatic regulation that involves two or more different systems (except using only the nervous system and the endocrine system). (8 pts)

Please answer the questions below in great detail!!! All questions below correlate to the 8pt question above. In total, there should be one response but divided into smaller pieces.

Name the homeostatic function to be regulated. (1 pt)

Name the tissue/organ involved. (1 pt)

Name two or more systems involved. (2 pts)

Describe how each system regulates and how these systems collaboratively regulate this organ/tissue’s function. (4 pts)

Answer 1

Homeostasis

All of the organs and organ systems of the human body work together like a well-oiled machine. This is because they are closely regulated by the nervous and endocrine systems. The nervous system controls virtually all body activities, and the endocrine system secretes hormones that regulate these activities. Functioning together, the organ systems supply body cells with all the substances they need and eliminate their wastes. They also keep temperature, pH, and other conditions at just the right levels to support life processes.

Maintaining Homeostasis

The process in which organ systems work to maintain a stable internal environment is called homeostasis. Keeping a stable internal environment requires constant adjustments. Here are just three of the many ways that human organ systems help the body maintain homeostasis:

• Respiratory system: A high concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood triggers faster breathing. The lungs exhale more frequently, which removes carbon dioxide from the body more quickly.
• Excretory system: A low level of water in the blood triggers retention of water by the kidneys. The kidneys produce more concentrated urine, so less water is lost from the body.
• Cardiovascular system:In order to maintain homeostasis in the cardiovascular system and provide adequate blood to the tissues, blood flow must be redirected continually to the tissues as they become more active. In a very real sense, the cardiovascular system engages in resource allocation, because there is not enough blood flow to distribute blood equally to all tissues simultaneously. For example, when an individual is exercising, more blood will be directed to skeletal muscles, the heart, and the lungs. Following a meal, more blood is directed to the digestive system. Only the brain receives a more or less constant supply of blood whether you are active, resting, thinking, or engaged in any other activity.
• Digestive system: The bacterial flora in the intestines are essential to homeostasis in the body. They not only break down food so the nutrients can be absorbed, they produce vitamins like biotin and vitamin K and guard against harmful bacteria that enter the system.
• Urinary system:The Urinary organs include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra. The Urinary system works with the other systems of the body to help maintain homeostasis. The kidneys are the main organs of homeostasis because they maintain the acid base balance and the water salt balance of the blood.
• Musculoskeletal system:Homeostatic Imbalances of the Muscular System. Hypertrophy of internal organs can sometimes be harmful. For example, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, or HCM, is a disease of the heart muscle in which a portion of the cardiac muscle (usually the left ventricle) is enlarged without any obvious cause.

Cooperation between two systems given below;

Immune system response : Homeostasis

Immune is derived from the latin word immunis, which means free or untouched and essential for survival. Our immune system is amazingly complex. It is what helps our body maintain homeostasis, particularly in the intestine, as the largest organ of immunity in the body. A healthy immune system has the remarkable ability to distinguish between the body’s own cells and foreign cells, thereby allowing it to identify and fight infections and anything that is foreign to the body. This is all the more remarkable when you remember that more than 99% of the human microbiome is “good bacteria” that regulates our digestion, metabolism, and immunity.

The most important and powerful system in the body’s defense mechanism is the lymphatic system. This is responsible for cleansing the cellular environment, returning proteins and tissue fluids to the blood, providing a pathway for the absorption of fats and fat-soluble vitamins into the bloodstream and, most importantly, defending the body against disease.

The lymphatic system works together with many different organs and systems to keep us alive and healthy. The world around us contains countless viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites capable of surviving and thriving inside our body. Collectively, we call these pathogens, and they are responsible for many diseases. The lymphatic system helps our bodies deal with pathogens.

The lymphatic system — with its tissues and organs that produce, store, and carry white blood cells that fight infections and other diseases — includes the bone marrow, spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and lymphatic vessels.

Our body has many different types of T cells (Thymus-dependent cells), and all of them are important to the immune system. T helper cells regulate the immune system and activate other white blood cells. Cytotoxic T cells destroy virally infected and cancerous cells. Memory T cells keep a record of every infection you have been exposed to, so if you are exposed to the same infection again your immune system can recognize that you are under attack very quickly and respond.