Question

In: Chemistry

Please post a detailed explaination: Compare and contrast the actions of ribonuclease and restriction enzymes as...

Please post a detailed explaination:

Compare and contrast the actions of ribonuclease and restriction enzymes as to substrate choice and mechanism. Show how their strategies are similar, but also why they must use different strategies.

Solutions

Expert Solution

Action of ribonuclease - Ribonuclease (commonly abbreviated RNase) is a type of nuclease that catalyzes the degradation of RNA into smaller components.
The RNA strand of DNA-RNA hybrids is cleaved by the enzyme RNase H, an enzyme that exists in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells. This catalytic cleavage can be exploited by synthetic oligonucleotides to increase potency. “Gapmer” oligonucleotides contain 2–5 chemically modified nucleotides (e.g. LNA or 2′-MOE) on each terminus flanking a central 8-10 base “gap” of DNA. The chemically modified oligonucleotides increase nuclease resistance and increase affinity for target sequences, while the DNA gap permits formation of a DNA-RNA hybrid that can be a good substrate for RNase H.

Action of restriction enzyme - A restriction enzyme or restriction endonuclease is an enzyme that cuts DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequences known as restriction sites. To cut DNA, all restriction enzymes make two incisions, once through each sugar-phosphate backbone (i.e. each strand) of the DNA double helix.
Restriction enzymes recognize a specific sequence of nucleotides and produce a double-stranded cut in the DNA. The recognition sequences can also be classified by the number of bases in its recognition site, usually between 4 and 8 bases, and the amount of bases in the sequence will determine how often the site will appear by chance in any given genome.

Similar to restriction enzymes, which cleave highly specific sequences of double-stranded DNA, a variety of endoribonucleases that recognize and cleave specific sequences of single-stranded RNA have been recently classified.


Related Solutions

Accurately describe the two restriction enzymes (EcoRI and HindIII). Both restriction enzymes were used for Gel...
Accurately describe the two restriction enzymes (EcoRI and HindIII). Both restriction enzymes were used for Gel Electrophoresis.
circumstances under which agency costs are likely to occur. detailed explaination please.
circumstances under which agency costs are likely to occur. detailed explaination please.
Would you please be able to compare and contrast these following terms using structures and detailed...
Would you please be able to compare and contrast these following terms using structures and detailed explanation underneath. Also make sure to indicate the cytoskeletal attachment, it's  function and the location of each structure. Tight junctions Adherens junctions Desmosomes Hemidesmosomes and Focal Adhesions. Thanks!
Compare and contrast the various mating systems exhibited by animal species. Please be specific and detailed.
Compare and contrast the various mating systems exhibited by animal species. Please be specific and detailed.
. For each of the restriction enzymes listed below: (i) Approximately how many restriction fragments would...
. For each of the restriction enzymes listed below: (i) Approximately how many restriction fragments would result from digestion of the human genome (3 x 109 bases) with the enzyme? (ii) State whether the fragments produced by digestion with each enzyme would have sticky ends with a 5’ overhang, sticky ends with a 3’ overhang, or blunt ends. (The recognition sequence for each enzyme is given in parentheses, where N means any of the four nucleotides. ^ marks the site...
24. Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and nervous system in coordinating the...
24. Compare and contrast the actions of the endocrine system and nervous system in coordinating the body’s responses to stimuli. Describe how they work together to regulate homeostasis in humans. detail
Briefly describe how post-translational modifications of histones affect gene expression. Briefly explain how restriction enzymes can...
Briefly describe how post-translational modifications of histones affect gene expression. Briefly explain how restriction enzymes can be used for the generation of recombinant DNA.
Imagine you have a plasmid and you cut it with three different restriction enzymes (enzymes 1,...
Imagine you have a plasmid and you cut it with three different restriction enzymes (enzymes 1, 2, 3). You then run these fragments through a gel and get this separation. Label the positive and negative terminals on this gel with a (+) and (-) sign. If you were working with a single plasmid, how many cut sites did restriction enzyme 1 have? Explain? When creating a gel, we stain it with Ethidium Bromide or Gel Red. What is the purpose...
Background Calculating Transformation Efficiency Restriction digest & ligation: You add restriction enzymes to 0.05ug of each...
Background Calculating Transformation Efficiency Restriction digest & ligation: You add restriction enzymes to 0.05ug of each plasmid in separate pAMP and pKAN tubes tubes and heat the restriction enzymes by placing them in a hot water bath for 20 minutes. Afterwards, you label 1 tube pAMP/pKAN and combine 4 ul of digested pAMP, 4 ul of digested pKAN, 1 ul of ligase, and 1 ul of ligase buffer and leave it to incubate overnight. You then label an empty tube...
Give a detailed explaination on Electrochemiluminescence, and explain a way that it may be used for...
Give a detailed explaination on Electrochemiluminescence, and explain a way that it may be used for biosensing applications? I really need an in depth explaination guys, so please go all out and into detail. Thanks in advance, much love xx
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT
ADVERTISEMENT