Question

What are the functional relationships of the different organ systems in ensuring animal survival? How are they related?

Answer 1

The functional unit of the body is cells. When the cells combined together form tissue and each tissue has special function and forms as organs when all other organ combined together to forms systems. Each system performs a special function. Human body consists of many organs namely, respiratory system, cardiovascular system, gastro intestinal system, nervous system, respiratory system, musculoskeletal system, immune system, hematological system, kidney system.

Cardiovascular system: the cardiovascular system helps circulation of blood throughout the body. It carries oxygen and nutrients derived from the respiratory system and gastrointestinal system respectively. Cardiovascular system is depending upon the other organs for supplying nutrients and oxygen.

Respiratory system; the respiratory system gets oxygen from the nose while inhaling and exhales carbon dioxide from the various parts of the body . Oxygen is binds to hemoglobin and carries with the blood to the heart and carried out of the heart by means of the aorta and arteries and receives carbon dioxide from various parts of the body with the help of veins.

Hematological system; hematological system consists of red blood cells, white blood cells, clotting factors. Red blood cells carry oxygen and nutrients with the help of arteries to the various parts of the body after goes through the heart and respiratory system. it receives deoxygenated from tissue with the help of the veins to the heart and lungs.

Gastrointestinal system: foods are consumed into gastrointestinal tract. Then, Exocrine glands such as salivary glands contain ptyalin help in digestion of food when the food enters in the mouth and enter into small intestine where more absorption is taken place and also absorption also takes place in the large intestine. Fats are digested with the help of pancreatic enzyme and most of the metabolization is taken place in liver. Gall bladder where the storage of bilirubin takes place. If need, it is released into the digestive tract. Most of the Waste is excreted as stoo Most of the organ is depend on the gastrointestinal system for getting nutrient for function.

Nervous system: it controls body by releasing hormones and it stimulates other gland to stimulate hormones for carry out function. It has sympathetic and parasympathetic system to control various organs of the body. Its function either decreases or increase affect the human

Musculoskeletal system: the human has many organs in side of the body. Main vital signs organ such as heart, lungs are supported by the muscle and bones of the body. It protects the vital organs from various injuries. For example Heart, gastrointestinal system, and respiratory and other organs contract with the help of muscles and perform its function. Muscle function depends on nervous system, nervous system send impulse to organs and contracts and relax depend upon stimulation

Kidney system: it eliminates waste from the body in a form of urine. When the tissue injury occurs and creatinine is excreted from the body in the urine and maintains the electrolyte balance and water balance of the body. It maintains blood pressure with the help of the various hormones

Endocrine glands: it secrets GH, TSH, ACTH, PRL, FSH, LH, Oxytocin , ADH, insulin, glucagon and other hormones are secreted from the various endocrine glands. It maintains the function of usage of glucose, increases or decrease glucose, muscle contraction, contacting nerve impulse dilating bronchioles, heart, brain, muscle and many other functions. Human body organ depend on hormones of the endocrine system. Nerve system send impulse to endocrine system, then endocrine system is stimulated and endocrine system produces hormones to various organs to initiate action.

Integumentary system: the skin is the largest organ of the body. It excretes waste from the body as sweat. It regulates temperature under influences of neurohormones. It produces vitamin D from the sunlight. It protects the body from invading organism. If the skin integrity is not maintained, organism may enter the body and affect other organs. It transmits impulse from skin to nervous system in case of hot climate and cold climate and make vasoconstriction and vasodilatation according to that and protects the internal structures by sending impulse to the endocrine system in order to secrete the hormones. Circulatory system sends hormones to various organs.