1. Which acid listed will produce the lowest [H3O+] in a 0.30 M solution? Hydroiodic acid,...

1. Which acid listed will produce the lowest [H₃O⁺] in a 0.30 M solution? Hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, nitrous acid, hydrocyanic acid, hydrosulfuric acid, chlorous acid.

a. Explain your reasoning without dong any calculations

b. Confirm your reasoning by performing calculations

Solutions

Expert Solution

a) answer : hydrocyanic acid

strong acids have high [H3O+] , weak acids have low [H3O+].

here in the given list ,

HI is the strong acid among all. so it has high [H3O+] , HCN is weak acid , so it has low [H3O+]

Hydroiodic acid - HI ----------> strong acid

sulfuric acid -- H2SO4 ----------> strong acid

acetic acid - CH3COOH ---------> weak acid , Ka = 1.8 x 10^-5

nitrous acid - HNO2 ---------> weak acid , Ka = 5.6 x 10^-4

,hydrocyanic acid - HCN ---------> weak acid , Ka = 6.2×10^–10

hydrosulfuric acid = H2S ---------> weak acid , Ka = 8.9×10^–8

chlorous acid.= HClO2 ------------> weak acid , Ka = 1.1 x 10^-2

[H3O+] = sqrt (Ka x C)

here Ka valuelow , then [H3O+] is low

HCN has lowest Ka values. so it has low [H3O+]

[H3O+] = sqrt (Ka x C)

= sqrt (6.2×10^–10 x 0.30)

= 1.36 x 10^-5 M

queen_honey_blossom answered 1 year ago

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