Question

What is the mechanism of Tuberculosis?

Answer 1

Tuberculosis is the chronic granulomatous infectious disease caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis (in human) and mycobacterium bovid (in animals)-produce active or latent infection.

Mechanism of Tb

1)infection occurs when a person inhale  nuclei containing tubercle bacilli enter the lungs, and travel to the alveoli.

2) majority of bacilli inhibited or destroyed,a small number will multiply in the alveoli

3)A small number of tubercle bacilli enter the bloodstream and spread throughout the body. The tubercle bacilli may reach any part of the body, including areas where TB disease is more likely to develop (such as the brain, larynx, lymph node, lung, spine, bone, or kidney).
4) within 2 to 8 weeks, special immune cells called macrophages ingest and surround the tubercle bacilli. The cells form a barrier shell, called a granuloma, that keeps the bacilli contained

5) if immune system cannot keep the tubercle bacilli under control, the bacilli begin to multiply rapidly (TB disease).