Question

1) Briefly explain what happens in the cellular respiration and what it function is
2) Briefly explain what happens in glycolysis and where it occurs ?
3) Describe what happens in the following processes and where they occur
a)glycogenesis
b)glycogenolysis
c)gluconeogenesis

Answer 1

1. Cellular respiration is metabolic patway in which glucose molecule is catabolised used to produce the energy for cellular processes.It takes place in three steps.

(1) Glycolysis: in this process the glucose molecule is metabolised into cytoplasm and produces the pyruvate along with some ATP and NADH2

(2) Citric acid cycle:In this ,Pyruvate from the cytoplasm is transported into mitochondrial matrix and enter citric acid cycle.where NADH2 ,FADH2 and ATP production takes place .

(3) Electron transport chain:In this , NADH2 and FADH2 are oxidised to produce the energy.here one NADH2 oxidise and produce 2.5 ATP molecules and one FADH2 oxidise to form 1.5 ATP.

2.During Glycolysis the glucose molecule is metabolised using enzymes into cytoplasm and produces the pyruvate along with some ATP and NADH2.it occur in the cytosol

Below is detailed pathway:

3.(a) Glycogenesis is synthesis of glycogen utilising the glucose molecule .it help in storing the Energy source for later use.below is the steps involved:

(b) During Glycogenolysis the breakdown of glycogen takes place to form the glucose and its derivatives.below are the steps involved :

(c) During gluconeogenesis the formation of glucose molecules takes place from non carbohydrate substrates.

Below are the steps involved: