Question

What is a strategy for handling a confounder?

a) None of the above

b) Enroll all patients and stratify the data

c) All of the above

d) Enroll only patients that report no exposure to the confounder

e) Enroll only patients that report exposure to the confounder

Answer 1

What is a strategy for handling a confounder?

Answer:- b) Enroll all patients and stratify the data,

because

1)

As confounding obscures the ‘real’ effect of an exposure on outcome, investigators performing etiological studies do their utmost best to prevent or control confounding. Unfortunately, in this process, errors are frequently made. This paper explains that to be a potential confounder, a variable needs to satisfy all three of the following criteria: (1) it must have an association with the disease, that is, it should be a risk factor for the disease; (2) it must be associated with the exposure, that is, it must be unequally distributed between exposure groups; and (3) it must not be an effect of the exposure; this also means that it may not be part of the causal pathway.

1)Stratification is a Methods used to control for confounding .

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