Question

Give the number of valence electrons that the elements belonging to each of the following groups possess. G1 = 1 valence electrons G2 = 2 valence electrons G3 = 3-12 valence electrons G4 = 4 valence electrons G5 = 5 valence electrons G6 = 6 valence electrons G7 = 7 valence electrons G8 = 8 valence electrons

Chemistry

Answer 1

Ans) Group 1 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton- ns¹ - Valence Electron = 1

        Group 2 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton- ns² - Valence Electron = 2

        Group 3-12 -- It is the start of 3d, 4d, 5d series and they contain either 1 or 2 electrons in their valence shell and have the configuration as (n-1)d^1-10 ns^1-2 .As the d-block elements progress , their penultimate shell gets filled but the valence shell contains either 1 or 2 electrons only.

                            Also, just before the 5d series , f-block elements are also placed here and all come under Group 3 as well, with general electronic configuration as (n-2)f^1-14 (n-1)d^0-1 ns² . They also contain only 2 electrons in the valence shell.

        Group 13 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np¹- Valence Electron = 3 ( Boron Family)

Group 14 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np²- Valence Electron = 4 ( Carbon Family)

  Group 15 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np³- Valence Electron = 5 ( Nitrogen Family)

  Group 16 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np⁴- Valence Electron = 6 ( Oxygen Family/ Chalcogens)

  Group 17 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np⁵- Valence Electron = 7 ( Halogens)

  Group 18 -- General Valence shell Electronic Configuraton - ns² np⁶- Valence Electron = 8 ( Noble Gases)

Thus, these would be your 9 classification on terms of electrons in the valence shell.